Methodologies of Application of Sol-Gel Based Solution onto Substrate: A Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6000/2369-3355.2016.03.01.2Keywords:
Sol gel, coatings, application methods, thin film, process parametersAbstract
Just as the diverse as the various substrates that can be coated is the choice of several coating methods by which the coating can be applied to these pretreated surfaces. They include the manual methods, where great skills and experience is needed, on the other hand there are automated and robotics coating control methods where coating can be applied with more precise manner. Sol-gel process is one of the promising bottom up nano-coating technologies to develop thin film over various metallic substrates. The property and characteristic of the resulting film is strongly influenced by the various parameters and reaction conditions of the sol-gel process and of course on the deposition techniques. In this review, we have thrown some lights on different coating application processes covering theoretical principle, advantages, disadvantages, and special various parameters controlling the final film quality.
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[2] Guglielmi M. Sol-Gel coatings on metal. J Sol Gel Sci Technol 1997; 8: 443-49.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02436880
[3] Sakka S, Woko T. Chemistry: Spectroscopy and Application of sol-gel glasses. Ed. Reisfield R, Spring-Verlag, 1992; 89.
[4] Attia SM, Wang J, Wu G, Shen J, Ma J. Review on sol-gel and optical applications. J Mater Sci 2002; 18: 211-18.
[5] Homberg K, Matthews A. Coatings Tribology: Properties, Mechanisms, Techniques and Applications In Surface Engineering, First edition, Elsvier, 1994.
[6] Singh V. Thin film technology: An introduction to deposition technique and overview, [cited on 11Jan, 2016] available from http://www.itmindia.edu/images/ITM/pdf/Thin%20Film%20Technology%20An%20Introduction%20to%20Deposition.pdf
[7] Friz M, Waibel F. Coating Materials. cited on [Jan 11,2016] available from http://www.thinfilmproducts.umicore.com/Library/LibraryArchive/ show_article_coating_materials_12june03.pdf
[8] Brock T, Groteklaes M, Mischke P. European Coatings Handbook, Vincentz Verlag, Hannover, Germany 2000.
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[10] Sahu N, Parija B, Panigrahi S. Fundamental understanding and modeling of spin coating process: A review. Indian J Phys 2009; 83: 493-502.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12648-009-0009-z
[11] Meyerhofer D. Characteristics of. resist films produced by spinning. J Appl Phys 1978; 49: 3993-3997.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.325357
[12] Middleman S. An Introduction to Fluid Dynamics, John Wiley and Son, New York 1998.
[13] Omar O, Ray AK, Hassan AK, Davi F. Resorcinol calixarenes (resorcarenes). Supramolecular Science 1997; 4: 417-421.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0968-5677(97)00024-2
[14] Emsile AG, Bonner FT, Peck LG. J Appl Phys 1958; 29: 858-62.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1723300
[15] Matuso S. Handbook of thin film deposition and techniques, Noyes, Park Ridge, NJ, 1982.
[16] Advances in Sol-Gel Technology [cited on Jan 11, 2016], available from http://www.ceramicindustry.com/articles/83256-advances-in-sol-gel-technology
[17] Brinker CJ, Frye GC, Hurd AJ, Ashley CS. Fundamentals of Sol-Gel Dip Coating. Thin Solid Films 1997; 201: 97-108.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-6090(91)90158-T
[18] Brinker CJ, Keefer KD, Schaefer DW, Assink RA, Kay BD, Ashley CS. Sol-gel transitions in simple silicates II. J Non-Cryst ?Solids 1984; 63: 45- 59.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3093(84)90385-5
[19] Scriven LE, Brinker CJ, Clark DE, Ulrich DR, Eds. Better Ceramics Through ?ChemistryIII. Mat. Res. Soc, Pittsburgh, PA, 1988; 717-29.
[20] Yusuf OB. Improved non linear solution of dip coating flow, [cited on Jan 9,2016], available from http://ir.lib.uwo.ca/cgi/viewcontent.cgi? article=2087&context=etd
[21] Landau LD, Lecich BG. Dragging of a liquid by a moving plate. Acta Physiochim URRS 1974; 17: 42-54.
[22] Wicks ZW, Jones FN, Pappas SP, Wicks DA. Organic Coatings: Science and Technology, Third Ed., John Wiley & Sons Inc, USA 2007.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/047007907X
[23] Bera S, Udayabhanu G, Narayan R, Rout TK. Sol-Gel Process for Anti Corrosion Coating. Journal of Research Updates in Polymer Science 2013; 2: 209-31.
[24] Corrosion inhibiting sol gel coatings for metal alloys US Patent 6579472.
[25] Schmidt H, Mennig M. Wet Coating Technologies for Glass available from [cited on Dec, 23] available from http://www.solgel.com/articles/ Nov00/mennig.htm
[26] Brinker CJ, Scherer GW. Sol-Gel Science: The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing, Academic Press Inc., New York, 1990.
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[28] Adamson AW. Physical Chemistry of Surfaces, Fourth Ed. Wiley., New York, 1982.
[29] Brinker CJ, Clark DE, Ulrich DR. Better Ceramics Through Chemistry III, Mat. Res. Soc, Pittsburgh, PA, 1988; 731-742.
[30] Gennes PG, Wetting: Statistics and Dynamics. Rev Mod Phys 1985; 57: 827-63.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.57.827
[31] Goldschmidt A, Strietberger HJ. BASF coating Handbook: Basics of Coating Technology, Second revised Edition, Vincetz, Germeny, 2007.
[32] Atomization-Elliot equipment [cited on Jan 11, 2016] available from http://www.elliottequipment.com/MediaLibraries/ElliottEquipment/PDFs/Ask%20Elliott/ATOMIZ_1.PDF
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[34] Mehrhardt MR. Dissertation, Berlin 1978.
[35] Cloupeau M, Prunet-Foch B. Electrostatic Spraying of Liquids: Main Functioning Modes. J Electrost 1990; 25: 165-184.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3886(90)90025-Q
[36] Brenn G, Domnik J, Lindenthal A, Kruger M. 8th International Coating Process Science and Technology Symposium, New Orleans.
[37] Walzel P. Spraying and atomizing of liquids In. Dortmand TU, Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Willey-VCH VerlagGmbh& Co KgaA, Germany 2015.
[38] Reipschlager O. Dissertation Unipaderborn 2002.
[39] Basic electrostatic spray finishing , cited on [Jan 11, 2016], available from http://www.hbparke.info/help_pages/electrostatics_321-028.pdf
[40] Satas D, Tracton AA. Coating Technology Handbook, Second Edition, Dekker M, New York 2001.
[41] Coating Application Methods [cited on Jan9, 2016] available from http://www.pcoatingsintl.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/ APPLICATION-METHODS-FOR-VUEGUARD-901-PRODUCTS.pdf
[42] Schoff CK. Rheology, Federation of societies for coating technology, Blue Bell, PA, 1991.
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[44] Creighton JR, Ho P. Introduction to Chemical Vapor Deposition [cited on Jan 2, 2016] available from https://tss.asminternational.org/ content/ASM/StoreFiles/ACFAA6E.pdf
[45] Choy KL. Chemical vapor deposition of coating. Prog Mater Sci 2007; 48: 57-170.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6425(01)00009-3
[46] De Lodyguine JS. Illuminant for incandecent lamps. US patent 575002 1893.
[47] Choy KL. In: Nalwa HS, editor. Handbook of nanostructured materials and nanotechnology, vol. ?1: synthesis and processing. San Diego (CA): Academic Press 2000.
[48] Dai H, Franklin N, Han J. Exploiting the properties of carbon nanotubes fornanolithography. Appl Phys Lett 1998; 73: 1508-10.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122188
[49] Li WZ, Xie SS, Qian LX, Chang BH, Zou BS, Zhou WY, et al. Large Scale Synthesis of Aligned Carbon Nanotubes. Science 1974; 1274: 1701-03.
[50] Kong J, Franklin NR, Zhou CW, Chapline MG, Peng S, Cho KJ, et al. Nanotube molecular wires as chemical sensors. Science 2000; 287: 622-25.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.287.5453.622
[51] Nagy G, Levy M, Scarmozzino R, Osgood RM, Dai H, Smalley RE,
et al. Erratum: “Carbon nanotube tipped atomic force microscopy for measurement of <100 nm etch morphology on semiconductors. Appl Phys Lett?1998; 73: 529-31.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122069
[52] Vescan L. Handbook of thin film process technology, Bristol (UK) 1995.
[53] Morosanu CE. Thin films by chemical vapor deposition. Amsterdam: Elsevier 1990.
[54] Sherman A. Chemical vapor deposition for microelectronics. Park Ridge (NJ): Noyes 1987.
[55] Vandelbucke L, In: Blocher JM, Ed. Proc 8th Int. Conf. on chemical vapour deposition. ?Princeton (NJ): Electrochemical Society 1981; p. 32.
[56] Hocking MG, Vasantasree V, Sidky PS. Metallic and ceramic coatings: production, high tem- ?perature properties and applications. Longman: Essex (UK) and John Wiley & Sons: New York ?1989.
[57] Hitchman ML, Jensen KF. Eds. CVD principles and applications. San Diego: Academic Press 1993.
[58] Jensen KF, Kern W. Thin film process II, Vossen JL, Kern W, Eds. Academic press, San Diego, CA 1991.
[59] Ohring M. The materials science of thin films, Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1992.
[60] Nalwa HS. Handbook of Thin Film Materials, Vol I: Deposition and processing of thin films, Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 2002.
[61] Glang R. Handbook of thin film technology, eds. Maissel LI, Glang R, McGraw-Hill, New York 1970.
[62] Adams AC. VLSI Technology, Second Edition, Sze SM, McGraw-Hill, New York 1988.
[63] Delhaes P. Proc. Fourteenth Conf. Chemical Vapor Deposition. Electrochem Proc Soc 1997; 486: 97-25.
[64] Cao G, Wang Y. Nanostructures and Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications, Second Edition, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., Singapore 2011.
[65] Vaidyaraman S, Lackey WJ, Freeman GB, Agrawal PK, Langman MD. Fabrication of carbon-carbon composite by forced flow thermal gradient chemical vapor infiltration. J Mater Res 1995; 10: 1469-77.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/JMR.1995.1469
[66] Abber RL. Handbook of Thin Film Deposition Processes and Techniques, ed. Schuegraf KK, New Jersey 1988.
[67] Hajjer JJ, Relif R, Adler D. Growth rate of polycrystalline silicon films deposited with and without plasma enhancement. J Electron Mater 1986; 15: 279-85.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02659023
[68] Peirson HO. Handbook of chemical vapor deposition. Park Ridge (NJ): Noyes 1992.
[69] Shah IDA, Ed. Handbook of thin film process technology. Bristol (UK): Institute of Physics Publishing 1977.
[70] Levinson SB. Application of paints and coating, Federarion of societies for coatings technology, Blue Bell, PA, 1988.
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2016-05-24
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Bera, S., Udayabhanu, G., Narayan, R., & Rout, T. K. (2016). Methodologies of Application of Sol-Gel Based Solution onto Substrate: A Review. Journal of Coating Science and Technology, 3(1), 9–22. https://doi.org/10.6000/2369-3355.2016.03.01.2
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