Boron in Human Nutrition and its Regulations Use

Authors

  • Laura Dinca University of Craiova, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Department of Management & Marketing, Craiova, Romania
  • Romulus Scorei University of Craiova, Faculty of Horticulture, Bioboron Research Institute, Craiova, Romania

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5634.2013.02.01.3

Keywords:

Nutraceuticals, dietary supplements, boron, nutrition, regulations

Abstract

According to the literature, there are increasingly more scientific data regarding the boron importance in the human nutrition. The request for boron supplements has become more significant due to the following two discoveries: boron transport within the animal cell and the cellular signaling of some bacteria by a sugar borate complex. It is necessary to establish the benefits and the toxicity of boron consumption for humans and animals, although a biological function of boron has not been defined yet. In addition, it is important to know the legal regulations for boron use worldwide, its physiological effects and health uses.

Author Biography

Laura Dinca, University of Craiova, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Department of Management & Marketing, Craiova, Romania



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Health Canada. Boron as a Medicinal Ingredient in Oral Natural Health Products. 2007. Available from: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/dhp-mps/pubs/natur/boron-bore-eng.php

Naghii MR, Samman S. The effect of boron supplementation on its urinary excretion and selected cardiovascular risk factors in healthy male subjects. Biol Trace Elem Res 1997; 56: 273-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02785299

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Pinto J, Huang YP, McConnell RJ, Rivlin RS. Increased urinary riboflavin excretion resulting from boric acid ingestion. J Lab Clin Med 1978; 92(1): 126-34.

Scorei R, Ciubar R, Ciofrangeanu CM, Mitran V, Cimpean A, Iordachescu D. Comparative effects of boric acid and calcium fructoborate on breast cancer cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2008; 122: 197-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12011-007-8081-8

Scorei R. Boron Compounds in the Breast Cancer Cells. Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy. In: Breast Cancer - Current and Alternative Therapeutic Modalities ISBN 978 953-307-776-5 Edited by: Esra Gunduz and Mehmet Gunduz InTech 2011; pp. 92-114.

Park M, Li Q, Shcheynikov N, Muallen S, Zeng W. Borate transport and cell growth and proliferation: not only in plants. Cell Cycle 2005; 4(1): 24-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/cc.4.1.1394

Barranco WT, Eckhert CD. Boric acid inhibits human prostate cancer cell proliferation. Cancer Lett 2004; 216(1): 21-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2004.06.001

Scorei RI, Popa R. Sugar-Borate Esters-Potential Chemical Agents in Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention. AntiCancer Agents Med Chem 2013; (in press).

EC (European Commission. Scientific Committee on Food). Tolerable Upper Intake Levels for Vitamins and Minerals.2006. Avalilable from:http://ec.europa. eu/comm./food/fs/sc/scf/out80 en.htm.

Commission Regulation (EU) No. 1129/2011 amending Annex II to Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council by establishing a Union list of food additives (OJ No. L 295, 12.11.2011, p. 1) (“Regulation 1129/2011”)

EFSA (European Food Safe Authorithy). Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to boron and prevention and treatment of prostate cancer (ID 221), maintenance of normal thyroid function (ID 222) and contribution to normal cognitive function (ID 223) pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/20061. EFSA Journal 2011; 9(6): 2209, 1-14

Commission Regulation (EU) No 1924/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 on nutrition and health claims made on foods (OJ No. L 404, 30.12.2006, p. 10)

Hu H, Penn S, Lebrillo C, Brown PH. Isolation and characterization of soluble boron complexes in higher plants. Plant Physiol 1997; 113: 649-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.113.2.649

Stangoulis J, Tate M, Graham R, Bucknall M, Palmer L, Boughton B, Reid R. The mechanism of boron mobility in wheat and canola phloem. Plant Physiol 2010; 153(2): 876-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.110.155655

Lutz O, Humpfer E, Spraul M. Ascertainment of boric-acid esters in wine by 11B-NMR. Naturwissen 1991; 78: 67-69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01206257

Pellerin P, Doco T, Vidal S, Williams P, Brillouet JM, O'Neill MA. Structural characterization of red wine rhamnogalacturonan II. Carbohydr Res 1996; 290(2): 183-97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0008-6215(96)00139-5

O'Neill MA, Warrenfeltz D, Kates K, Pellerin P, Doco T, Darvill AG, Albersheim P. Rhamnogalacturonan-II, a pectic polysaccharide in the walls of growing plant cell, forms a dimer that is covalently cross-linked by a borate-ester. J Biol Chem 1996; 271: 22923-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.271.37.22923

Matsunaga T, Nagata T. In vivo 11B-NMR observation of plant tissue. Anal Sci 1995; 11: 889-92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2116/analsci.11.889

Rotaru P, Scorei R, Harabor A, Dumitru MD. Thermal analysis of a calcium fructoborate sample. Thermochim Acta 2010; 506: 8-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2010.04.006

Reyes-Izquierdo T, Nemzer B, Gonzalez AE, Zhou Q, Argumedo R, Shu C, Pietrzkowski ZB. Short-term intake of calcium fructoborate improves WOMAC and McGill scores and beneficially modulates biomarkers associated with knee osteoarthritis: a pilot clinical double-blinded placebo-controlled study. J Biomed Sci 2012; 4(2): 111-22.

Militaru C, Donoiu I, Craciun A, Scorei ID, Bulearca AM, Scorei RI. Oral resveratrol and calcium fructoborate supplementation in subjects with stable angina pectoris: Effects on lipid profiles, inflammation markers, and quality of life. Nutrition 2013; 29(1): 178-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2012.07.006

Nielsen FH. The saga of boron in food: from a banished food preservative to a beneficial nutrient for humans. Curr Topics Plant Biochem Physiol 1991; 10: 274-86.

Groziak MP. Boron therapeutics on the horizon. Am J Ther 2001; 8(5): 321-328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00045391-200109000-00005

Travers RL, Rennie GC, Newnham RE. Boron and arthritis: The tesults of a double-blind pilot study. J Nutr Environ Med 1990; 1(2): 127-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13590849009003147

Hakki SS, Bozkurt BS, Hakki EE. Boron regulates mineralized tissue-associated proteins in osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1). J Trace Elem Exp Med 2010; 24(4): 243-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2010.03.003

Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) (Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung) () Addition of boric acid or borax to food supplements. BfR Health Assessment 2006; 006. Available from: http://www.bfr.bund.de/cm/245/addition_of_boric_acid_ or_borax_to_food_supplements.pdf (9 November 2009)

Moore JA. An assessment of boric acid and borax using the IEHR Evaluative process for assessing human developmental and reproductive toxicity of agents. Reprod Toxicol 1997; 11(1): 123-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0890-6238(96)00204-3

IoM (Institute of Medicine). Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium, and Zinc. National Academies Press, Washington DC. 2000.

Dietary Supplement Health Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994. Public Law 103-417, available from FDA website: http://www.fda.gov.

Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods [homepage on the Internet]. Available from: http://www.tga.gov.au/index.htm; (Australian web site advertisements for authorized products cited in the Registry; personal communication from TGA to the NHPD, February 2007)

Price CJ, Strong PL, Marr MC, Myers CB, Murray FJ. Developmental toxicity NOAEL and postnatal recovery in rats fed boric acid during gestation. Fund Appl Toxicol 1996; 32: 179-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/faat.1996.0121

IPCS (International Programme on Chemical Safety). Environmental Health Criteria 204: Boron. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland 1998. Available from: http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc204.htm

Health Canada. Boron as a Medicinal Ingredient in Oral Natural Health Products. 2007. Available from: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/dhp-mps/pubs/natur/boron-bore-eng.php

Naghii MR, Samman S. The effect of boron supplementation on its urinary excretion and selected cardiovascular risk factors in healthy male subjects. Biol Trace Elem Res 1997; 56: 273-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02785299

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2013-03-31

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Dinca, L., & Scorei, R. (2013). Boron in Human Nutrition and its Regulations Use. Journal of Nutritional Therapeutics, 2(1), 22–29. https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5634.2013.02.01.3

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