Consummatory Taste Reward in Obesity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-5634.2012.01.01.4Keywords:
Fat, sweet, food preferences, behavioural, taste reactivityAbstract
Obesity is a disease of multiple origins and results from the interaction between the genetic predisposition of a person and environmental factors, including food preferences. Even though the literature is not always consistent, there is strong support for the notion that the obese do not just consume more calories, but also prefer calorifically dense foods. In this review, the evidence for differences in the consummatory reward of taste, and in particular sweet and fat taste, will be examined in the context of food preferences in obesity.References
WHO. Fact sheet: obesity and overweight. 2006; Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/ en/index.html.
Pi-Sunyer FX. Medical hazards of obesity. Ann Intern Med 1993; 119(7 Pt 2): 655-60.
Kottke TE, Wu LA, Hoffman RS. Economic and psychological implications of the obesity epidemic. Mayo Clin Proc 2003; 78(1): 92-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4065/78.1.92
Stunkard AJ. The Salmon lecture. Some perspectives on human obesity: its causes. Bull NY Acad Med 1988; 64(8): 902-23.
Parsons TJ, Power C, Logan S, Summerbell CD. Childhood predictors of adult obesity: a systematic review. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999; 23(Suppl 8): S1-107.
James WP. The fundamental drivers of the obesity epidemic. Obes Rev 2008; 9(Suppl 1): 6-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-789X.2007.00432.x
Grimm ER, Steinle NI. Genetics of eating behavior: established and emerging concepts. Nutr Rev 2011; 69(1): 52-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00361.x
Eertmans A, Baeyens F, Van den Bergh O. Food likes and their relative importance in human eating behavior: review and preliminary suggestions for health promotion. Health Educ Res 2001; 16(4): 443-56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/her/16.4.443
Blundell JE, Gillett A. Control of food intake in the obese. Obes Res 2001; 9(Suppl 4): 263S-70S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/oby.2001.129
Mela DJ. Determinants of food choice: relationships with obesity and weight control. Obes Res 2001; 9(Suppl 4): 249S-55S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/oby.2001.127
Drewnowski A. Taste preferences and food intake. Annu Rev Nutr 1997; 17: 237-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.17.1.237
Bellisle F. Why should we study human food intake behaviour? Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2003; 13(4): 189-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0939-4753(03)80010-8
Rolls ET. Taste, olfactory and food texture reward processing in the brain and obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2011; 35(4): 550-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2010.155
Chandrashekar J, Hoon MA, Ryba NJ, Zuker CS. The receptors and cells for mammalian taste. Nature 2006; 444(7117): 288-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05401
Purves D, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D, et al., editors. Neuroscience. 2nd ed: Sunderland (MA): Sinauer Associates 2001.
Yarmolinsky DA, Zuker CS, Ryba NJ. Common sense about taste: from mammals to insects. Cell 2009; 139(2): 234-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2009.10.001
Mattes RD. Accumulating evidence supports a taste component for free fatty acids in humans. Physiol Behav 2011; 104(4): 624-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.05.002
Spector AC, Glendinning JI. Linking peripheral taste processes to behavior. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2009; 19(4): 370-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conb.2009.07.014
Drewnowski A, Kurth C, Holden-Wiltse J, Saari J. Food preferences in human obesity: carbohydrates versus fats. Appetite 1992; 18(3): 207-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0195-6663(92)90198-F
Macdiarmid JI, Vail A, Cade JE, Blundell JE. The sugar-fat relationship revisited: differences in consumption between men and women of varying BMI. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1998; 22(11): 1053-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0800724
Cox DN, van Galen M, Hedderley D, Perry L, Moore PB, Mela DJ. Sensory and hedonic judgments of common foods by lean consumers and consumers with obesity. Obes Res 1998; 6(6): 438-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1550-8528.1998.tb00376.x
Cox DN, Perry L, Moore PB, Vallis L, Mela DJ. Sensory and hedonic associations with macronutrient and energy intakes of lean and obese consumers. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1999; 23(4): 403-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0800836
Berry EM, Hirsch J, Most J, Thornton J. The role of dietary fat in human obesity. Int J Obes 1986; 10(2): 123-31.
Kulesza W. Dietary intake in obese women. Appetite 1982; 3(1): 61-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0195-6663(82)80037-8
Kromhout D. Energy and macronutrient intake in lean and obese middle-aged men (the Zutphen study). Am J Clin Nutr 1983; 37(2): 295-9.
Dreon DM, Frey-Hewitt B, Ellsworth N, Williams PT, Terry RB, Wood PD. Dietary fat: carbohydrate ratio and obesity in middle-aged men. Am J Clin Nutr 1988; 47(6): 995-1000.
Romieu I, Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, et al. Energy intake and other determinants of relative weight. Am J Clin Nutr 1988; 47(3): 406-12.
Lissner L, Lindroos AK, Sjostrom L. Swedish obese subjects (SOS): an obesity intervention study with a nutritional perspective. Eur J Clin Nutr 1998; 52(5): 316-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600567
McCrory MA, Fuss PJ, McCallum JE, et al. Dietary variety within food groups: association with energy intake and body fatness in men and women. Am J Clin Nutr 1999; 69(3): 440-7.
Underwood PJ, Belton E, Hulme P. Aversion to sucrose in obesity. Proc Nutr Soc 1973; 32(3): 93A-4A.
Rodin J, Moskowitz HR, Bray GA. Relationship between obesity, weight loss, and taste responsiveness. Physiol Behav 1976; 17(4): 591-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9384(76)90157-8
Grinker J, Hirsch J, Smith DV. Taste sensitivity and susceptibility to external influence in obese and normal weight subjects. J Pers Soc Psychol 1972; 22(3): 320-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0032924
Nisbett RE. Taste, deprivation, and weight determinants of eating behavior. J Pers Soc Psychol 1968; 10(2): 107-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0026283
Rodin J. Effects of obesity and set point on taste responsiveness and ingestion in humans. J Comp Physiol Psychol 1975; 89(9): 1003-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0077193
Nisbett RE. Hunger, obesity, and the ventromedial hypothalamus. Psychol Rev 1972; 79(6): 433-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0033519
Frijters JE, Rasmussen-Conrad EL. Sensory discrimination, intensity perception, and affective judgment of sucrose-sweetness in the overweight. J Gen Psychol 1982; 107(2d Half): 233-47.
Conner MT, Booth DA. Preferred sweetness of a lime drink and preference for sweet over non-sweet foods, related to sex and reported age and body weight. Appetite 1988; 10(1): 25-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0195-6663(88)80030-8
Bartoshuk LM, Duffy VB, Hayes JE, Moskowitz HR, Snyder DJ. Psychophysics of sweet and fat perception in obesity: problems, solutions and new perspectives. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2006; 361(1471): 1137-48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2006.1853
Duffy VB, Davidson AC, Kidd JR, et al. Bitter receptor gene (TAS2R38), 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) bitterness and alcohol intake. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2004; 28(11): 1629-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ALC.0000145789.55183.D4
Malcolm R, O'Neil PM, Hirsch AA, Currey HS, Moskowitz G. Taste hedonics and thresholds in obesity. Int J Obes 1980; 4(3): 203-12.
Moskowitz HR, Kluter RA, Westerling J, Jacobs HL. Sugar sweetness and pleasantness: evidence for different psychological laws. Science 1974; 184(136): 583-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.184.4136.583
Pangborn RM, Bos KE, Stern JS. Dietary fat intake and taste responses to fat in milk by under-, normal, and overweight women. Appetite 1985; 6(1): 25-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0195-6663(85)80048-9
Mela DJ, Sacchetti DA. Sensory preferences for fats: relationships with diet and body composition. Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 53(4): 908-15.
Cabanac M, Duclaux R. Obesity: absence of satiety aversion to sucrose. Science 1970; 168(930): 496-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.168.3930.496
Pangborn RM, Simone M. Body size and sweetness preference. J Am Diet Assoc 1958; 34(9): 924-8.
Grinker J. Obesity and sweet taste. Am J Clin Nutr 1978; 31(6): 1078-87.
Johnson WG, Keane TM, Bonar JR, Downey C. Hedonic ratings of sucrose solutions: effects of body weight, weight loss and dietary restriction. Addict Behav 1979; 4(3): 231-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-4603(79)90032-7
Thompson DA, Moskowitz HR, Campbell RG. Effects of body weight and food intake on pleasantness ratings for a sweet stimulus. J Appl Physiol 1976; 41(1): 77-83.
Wooley OW, Wooley SC, Dunham RB. Calories and sweet taste: effects on sucrose preference in the obese and nonobese. Physiol Behav 1972; 9(5): 765-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9384(72)90048-0
Drewnowski A, Brunzell JD, Sande K, Iverius PH, Greenwood MR. Sweet tooth reconsidered: taste responsiveness in human obesity. Physiol Behav 1985; 35(4): 617-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9384(85)90150-7
Salbe AD, DelParigi A, Pratley RE, Drewnowski A, Tataranni PA. Taste preferences and body weight changes in an obesity-prone population. Am J Clin Nutr 2004; 79(3): 372-8.
Berridge KC. Food reward: brain substrates of wanting and liking. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 1996; 20(1): 1-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0149-7634(95)00033-B
Flint A, Raben A, Blundell JE, Astrup A. Reproducibility, power and validity of visual analogue scales in assessment of appetite sensations in single test meal studies. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000; 24(1): 38-48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801083
Ekman P, Rosenberg E, editors. What the Face Reveals: Basic and Applied Studies of Spontaneous Expression Using the Facial Action Coding System (FACS). 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press 2005.
Rosenstein D, Oster H. Differential facial responses to four basic tastes in newborns. Child Dev 1988; 59(6): 1555-68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1130670
Soussignan R, Schaal B, Marlier L, Jiang T. Facial and autonomic responses to biological and artificial olfactory stimuli in human neonates: re-examining early hedonic discrimination of odors. Physiol Behav 1997; 62(4): 745-58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9384(97)00187-X
Steiner JE, Glaser D, Hawilo ME, Berridge KC. Comparative expression of hedonic impact: affective reactions to taste by human infants and other primates. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2001; 25(1): 53-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0149-7634(00)00051-8
Berridge KC. Measuring hedonic impact in animals and infants: microstructure of affective taste reactivity patterns. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2000; 24(2): 173-98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0149-7634(99)00072-X
Ganchrow JR, Steiner JE, Daher M. Neonatal facial expressions in response to different qualities and intensities of gustatory stimuli. Infant Behav Dev 1983; 6(2-3): 189-200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0163-6383(83)80026-5
Rozin P, Lowery L, Ebert R. Varieties of disgust faces and the structure of disgust. J Pers Soc Psychol 1994; 66(5): 870-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.66.5.870
Gilbert AN, Fridlund AJ, Sabini J. Hedonic and social determinants of facial displays to odors. Chem Senses 1987; 12(2): 355-63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chemse/12.2.355
Russell JA, Dols JMF, editors. The psychology of facial expression. Studies in emotion and social interaction: Cambridge University Press 1997.
Ekman P, Friesen WV, editors. Facial action coding system. Salt Lake City, Utah.: Research Nexus 2002.
Stice E, Spoor S, Bohon C, Veldhuizen MG, Small DM. Relation of reward from food intake and anticipated food intake to obesity: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. J Abnorm Psychol 2008; 117(4): 924-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0013600
DelParigi A, Chen K, Salbe AD, Reiman EM, Tataranni PA. Sensory experience of food and obesity: a positron emission tomography study of the brain regions affected by tasting a liquid meal after a prolonged fast. Neuroimage 2005; 24(2): 436-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.08.035
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Policy for Journals/Articles with Open Access
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post links to their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work
Policy for Journals / Manuscript with Paid Access
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Publisher retain copyright .
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post links to their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work .
