Analysis of the Sustainability of Selected Targeted NGO Interventions for a Representative Small-Scale Farm Family in Ecuador
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-7092.2013.02.22Keywords:
International development, NGOs, small-scale agricultureInternational development, small-scale agricultureAbstract
Linear programming techniques are used to illustrate the potential effects of targeted agricultural development interventions by non-governmental organizations. The results demonstrate the interconnection of nutrition, agricultural production, and economics in determining optimum decisions for farm families in the study area in northern Ecuador. The findings suggest that planned interventions for small-scale farmers should first consider a range of nutritional, agricultural, and economic factors before an intervention is implemented. Otherwise, planned interventions that focus on only one aspect of the family's well-being have a high probability of being unsustainable
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Edwards, M, and D. Hulme (eds.). 1995. Beyond the Magic Bullet: NGO Performance and Accountability in the Post-Cold War World. London, England: Earthscan.
Engle, P. et al. 2007. Strategies to Avoid the Loss of Developmental Potential in More than 200
Million Children in the Developing World. The Lancet, 369 (9557), p.229-242. Online. Available at: http://www.sciencedirect. com/science/article/pii/S0140673607601123#.Accessed October 2, 2012].
Erickson, R. J. 2012. Nutritional and Economic Analysis of Small-Scale Agriculture in Imbabura, Ecuador. MS thesis, Department of Applied Economics, Utah State University. 2012.
ESHA.com 2012. Database Information | ESHA Research. Online. Available at: http://www.esha.com/nutrition/database-information. Accessed September 8.
Keck, M. E. and K. Sikkink. 1998. Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics. New York, NY: Cornell University Press.
Kuyiah, J. W., G. Obara, M. Herrero, and M. Waithaka. 2006. “Agriculture, Income Risks and Rural Poverty Dynamics: Strategies of Smallholder Producers in Kenya.” Selected paper presented at the International Association of Agricultural Economists Conference, Gold Coast, Australia. August 12-18.
Lewis, D., and N. Kanji. 2009. Non-Governmental Organizations and Development. Routledge Perspectives in Development. New York, NY: Routledge.
Mourmouras, A., Rangazas, P. 2007. Foreign Aid Policy and Sources of Poverty. IMF Staff Papers, 54 (1), p.59-90. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/30036003. Accessed: October 12, 2012].
Mousseau, F. 2005. Food Aid or Food Sovereignty?. [online] Oakland Institute. p.42-47. http://www.oaklandinstitute.org/ sites/oaklandinstitute.org/files/fasr.pdf, [Accessed: 5 November 2012].
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Oxfam 2005. Food Aid or Hidden Dumping. 2012. Online Oxfam. p.15-23. Available at: http://www.oxfam.org/en/policy/food-aid-or-hidden-dumping, [Accessed: 1 November].
Paus, T. 2010. A Primer for Brain Imaging: a Tool for Evidence-Based Studies of Nutrition?. Nutrition Reviews, 68 Online Available at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00327.x/pdf. Accessed November 13,2012.
Place, F. 2009. “Land Tenure and Agricultural Productivity in Africa: A Comparative Analysis of the Economics Literature and Recent Policy Strategies and Reforms.” World Development, 37, 8:1326-1336.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2008.08.020
Reid, E. J., and J. A. Kerlin. 2008. “The International Charitable Nonprofit Subsector in the United States: International Understanding, International Development and Assistance, and International Affairs.” The Urban Institute, Center on Nonprofits and Philanthropy.
Schoendorfer, N. et al. 2010. Micronutrient Adequacy and Morbidity: Paucity of Information in Children with Cerebral Palsy. Nutrition Reviews [serial online], 68(12):739-748. Available from: Academic Search Premier, Ipswich, MA. Accessed November 15, 2012.
Sharma, W. 2009. India, China to Lead 2010 Salary Increases in Asia, Hewitt Says. Online at: http://www.bloomberg. com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive &sid=amibCRUx.baE. Accessed November 26, 2012.
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U. S. Agency for International Development (USAID). 2013b. “Agriculture and Food Security.” Online at: http://www.usaid.gov/what-we-do/agriculture-and-food-security, Accessed April 13.
van Keulen, H. and H. Breman. 1990. “Agricultural Development in the West African Sahel Region: A Case Against Land Hunger.” Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment, 32(October):177-197.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8809(90)90159-B
Werker, E. D., and F. Z. Ahmed. 2008. “What Do Non-Governmental Organizations Do?” Journal of Economic Perspectives. 22, 2:73-92.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.22.2.73
World Bank 2012. Rural Population (% of total population) | Data | Table. Online at: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ SP.RUR.TOTL.ZS/countries, Accessed November 10.
World Health Organization 2012. WHO | Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs). Online at: http://www.who.int/trade/ glossary/story084/en/index.html. Accessed November 4.
Wuaya, S. M. 2011. Determinants of Chronic Malnutrition among Ecuadorian Children Aged 0-23 Months in Cuenca and Nabon Cantons. Master’s dissertation, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Universiteit Gent. June.
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2013-07-15
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Erickson, R. “Jakeâ€, Bailey, D., Ward, R., & Allen, K. (2013). Analysis of the Sustainability of Selected Targeted NGO Interventions for a Representative Small-Scale Farm Family in Ecuador. Journal of Reviews on Global Economics, 2, 291–306. https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-7092.2013.02.22
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