Probiotics for Everyone! The Novel Immunobiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 and the Beginning of Social Probiotic Programs in Argentina

Authors

  • Julio Villena Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry, Reference Centre for Lactobacilli (CERELA-CCT-CONICET), Chacabuco 145 - T4000ILC, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
  • Susana Salva Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry, Reference Centre for Lactobacilli (CERELA-CCT-CONICET), Chacabuco 145 - T4000ILC, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
  • Martha Núñez Laboratory of Experimental Foods, Reference Centre for Lactobacilli (CERELA-CCT-CONICET), Argentina
  • Josefina Corzo Nutrition Division, Integrated Health Programs, Ministry of Public Health, Government of Tucuman, San Lorenzo 1142, CP4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
  • René Tolaba Del Niño Jesus Children Hospital, Pasaje Hungría 750, CP4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
  • Julio Faedda Del Niño Jesus Children Hospital, Pasaje Hungría 750, CP4000, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
  • Graciela Font Laboratory of Technology and Development, Reference Centre for Lactobacilli (CERELA-CCT-CONICET), Argentina
  • Susana Alvarez Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Biochemistry, Reference Centre for Lactobacilli (CERELA-CCT-CONICET), Chacabuco 145 - T4000ILC, San Miguel de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037/2012.01.03.05

Keywords:

Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505, children, mucosal immunity, respiratory infections

Abstract

Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 (Lr1505) stimulates immune responses in the gut and in the respiratory tract and improves resistance against Salmonella typhimurium and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised mice. Considering that respiratory infectious diseases continue to be a major cause of death among preschool children in developing countries, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Lr1505 on the health of children. A randomized-controlled double-blind clinical trial in 298 healthy children (2-5 years old), attending daycare centers was performed. Yogurt containing Lr1505 was administered to children for 6 months (five times a week). Results were statistically compared with those of children from the same community that received a placebo yogurt (without probiotic). Administration of Lr1505 to young children reduced the incidence of infections: 66% of children in the placebo group presented symptoms of infection while only 34% of cases were detected in the Lr1505 group. Significant differences (P<0.05) were detected in the incidence of intestinal infections, upper respiratory tract infections and angina when placebo and Lr1505 groups were compared. Children fed Lr1505 experienced fewer fevers and needed fewer antibiotics than those receiving the placebo. The protective effect of Lr1505 was associated with increased levels of mucosal IgA antibodies. Lr1505 is a promising resource for the development of prevention strategies against mucosal infections that could be effective tools for medical application. This new probiotic strain has been included into official Nutritional Programs in Argentina and it is given to more than 200 thousand children. This project has encouraged local milk production, thanks to the constant demand of probiotic yogurt containing L. rhamnosus CRL1505 by provincial governments, while incorporating innovation to small and medium enterprises.

References

Bryce J, Boschi-Pinto C, Shibuya K, Black RE. WHO Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group. WHO estimates of the causes of death in children. Lancet 2005; 365: 1147-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)71877-8

Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJL. Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors: systematic analysis of population health data. Lancet 2006; 367: 1747-57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68770-9

Black RE, Allen LH, Bhutta ZA, et al. Maternal and child undernutrition: global and regional exposures and health consequences. Lancet 2008; 371: 243-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61690-0

Pang IK, Iwasaki A. Control of antiviral immunity by pattern recognition and the microbiome. Immunol Rev 2012; 245: 209-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065X.2011.01073.x

Villena J, Oliveira ML, Ferreira P, Salva S, Alvarez S. Lactic acid bacteria in the prevention of pneumococcal respiratory infection: future opportunities and challenges. Int Immunopharmacol 2011; 11: 1633-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2011.06.004

Villena J, Racedo S, Agüero G, et al. Lactobacillus casei improves resistance to pneumococcal respiratory infection in malnourished mice. J Nutr 2005; 135: 1462-9.

Racedo S, Villena J, Medina M, et al. Lactobacillus casei administration reduces lung injuries in a Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in mice. Microbes Infect 2006; 8: 2359-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2006.04.022

Alvarez S, Herrero C, Bru E, Perdigon G. Effect of Lactobacillus casei and yogurt administration on prevention of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in young mice. J Food Prot 2001; 64: 1768-74.

Hori T, Kiyoshima J, Shida K, Yasui H. Augmentation of cellular immunity and reduction of influenza virus titer in aged mice fed Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2002; 9: 105-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CDLI.9.1.105-108.2002

Morrow LE, Kollef MH, Casale TB. Probiotic prophylaxis of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a blinded, randomized, controlled trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010; 182: 1058-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200912-1853OC

Hatakka K, Savilahti E, Pönkä A, et al. Effect of long term consumption of probiotic milk on infections in children attending day care centres: double blind, randomised trial. BMJ 2001; 322: 1327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.322.7298.1327

Hojsak I, Abdović S, Szajewska H, et al. Lactobacillus GG in the prevention of nosocomial gastrointestinal and respiratory tract infections. Pediatrics 2010; 125: e1171-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2009-2568

Hojsak I, Snovak N, Abdović S, et al. Lactobacillus GG in the prevention of gastrointestinal and respiratory tract infections in children who attend day care centers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Nutr 2010; 29: 312-6. http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1038/ejcn.2012.62

de Vrese M, Winkler P, Rautenberg P, et al. Probiotic bacteria reduced duration and severity but not the incidence of common cold episodes in a double blind, randomized, controlled trial. Vaccine 2006; 24: 6670-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.05.048

Salva S, Villena J, Alvarez S. Diferential immunomodulatory activity of Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains isolated from goat milk: impact on intestinal and respiratory infections. Int J Food Microbiol 2010; 141: 82-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.03.013

Salva S, Nuñez M, Villena J, et al. Development of a fermented goats' milk containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus: in vivo study of health benefits. J Sci Food Agric 2011; 91: 2355-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4467

Salva S, Merino MC, Agüero G, Gruppi A, Alvarez S. Dietary supplementation with probiotics improves hematopoiesis in malnourished mice. PLoS One 2012; 7: e31171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0031171

Bardach A, Ciapponi A, Garcia-Marti S, et al. Epidemiology of acute otitis media in children of Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2011; 75: 1062-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2011.05.014

Rocco R. Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis: PFAPA syndrome in Argentina. An Pediatr 2011; 74: 161-7.

http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=3619768

Wolf DG, Greenberg D, Kalkstein D, et al. Comparison of human metapneumovirus, respiratory syncytial virus and influenza A virus lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized young children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2006; 25: 320-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.inf.0000207395.80657.cf

Gentile A, Bardach A, Ciapponi A, et al. Epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia in children of Latin America and the Caribbean: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Infect Dis 2012; 16: e5-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2011.09.013

Edmond K, Scott S, Korczak V, et al. Long term sequelae from childhood pneumonia; systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2012; 7: e31239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0031239

Stupka JA, Carvalho P, Amarilla AA, et al. National Rotavirus Surveillance in Argentina: high incidence of G9P[8] strains and detection of G4P[6] strains with porcine characteristics. Infect Genet Evol 2009; 9: 1225-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2009.07.002

Empinotti JC, Uyeda H, Ruaro RT, Galhardo AP, Bonatto DC. Pyodermitis. An Bras Dermatol 2012; 87: 277-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0365-05962012000200013

Sazawal S, Dhingra U, Hiremath G, et al. Prebiotic and probiotic fortified milk in prevention of morbidities among children: community-based, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. PLoS ONE 2010; 5: e12164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0012164

Shornikova AV, Casas IA, Mykkanen H, Salo E, Vesikari T. Bacterotherapy with Lactobacillus reuteri in rotavirus gastroenteritis. Pediatr Infect Dis 1997; 16: 1103-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006454-199712000-00002

Rosenfeldt V, Michaelsen KF, Jakobsen M, et al. Effect of probiotic Lactobacillus strains on acute diarrhea in a cohort of nonhospitalized children attending day-care centers. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2002; 21: 417-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006454-200205000-00013

Salari P, Nikfar S, Abdollahi M. A meta-analysis and systematic review on the effect of probiotics in acute diarrhea. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets 2012; 11:3-14.

de Vrese M, Winkler P, Rautenberg P, et al. Effect of Lactobacillus gasseri PA 16/8, Bifidobacterium longum SP 07/3, B. bifidum MF 20/5 on common cold episodes: a double blind, randomized, controlled trial. Clin Nutr 2005; 24: 481-91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2005.02.006

Kukkonen K, Savilahti E, Haahtela T, et al. Long-term safety and impact on infection rates of postnatal probiotic and prebiotic (synbiotic) treatment: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Pediatrics 2008; 122: 8-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2007-1192

Weizman Z, Asli G, Alsheikh A. Effect of a probiotic infant formula on infections in child care centers: comparison of two probiotic agents. Pediatrics 2005; 115: 5-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2004-1815

Villena J, Salva S, Núñez M, et al. Beneficial lactobacilli for improving respiratory defenses: the case of Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505. 2012. In: Lactobacillus: classification, uses and health implications. NOVA Science publishers, In press.

Villena J, Medina M, Vintiñi E, Alvarez S. Stimulation of respiratory immunity by oral administration of Lactococcus lactis. Can J Microbiol 2008; 54: 630-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/W08-077

Twigg HL. Humoral immune defense (antibodies): recent advances. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2005; 2: 417-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1513/pats.200508-089JS

Kerr AR, Irvine JJ, Search JJ, et al. Role of inflammatory mediators in resistance and susceptibility to pneumococcal infection. Infect Immun 2002; 70: 1547-57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/IAI.70.3.1547-1557.2002

Downloads

Published

2012-09-19

How to Cite

Villena, J., Salva, S., Núñez, M., Corzo, J., Tolaba, R., Faedda, J., Font, G., & Alvarez, S. (2012). Probiotics for Everyone! The Novel Immunobiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 and the Beginning of Social Probiotic Programs in Argentina. International Journal of Biotechnology for Wellness Industries, 1(3), 189–198. https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037/2012.01.03.05

Issue

Section

Articles