The Cell Regulation Mechanism of Neurovascular Unit

Authors

  • Yuan-Yuan Jia The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Traditional Chinese Medicine Scientific ResearchLevel Three Laboratory-Chinese Medicine Pharmacology Laboratory, at Yunnan Province, Yunnan Universityof Traditional Chinese Medicine
  • Rui-Bi Chang The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Traditional Chinese Medicine Scientific Research Level Three Laboratory-Chinese Medicine Pharmacology Laboratory, at Yunnan Province, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
  • Han-Wen Yan The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Traditional Chinese Medicine Scientific Research Level Three Laboratory-Chinese Medicine Pharmacology Laboratory, at Yunnan Province, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
  • Rong Dai The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Traditional Chinese Medicine Scientific Research Level Three Laboratory-Chinese Medicine Pharmacology Laboratory, at Yunnan Province, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.6000/1927-3037.2016.05.02.3

Keywords:

Neurovascular unit, Brain microvascular endothelial cells, Neuron, astrocyte

Abstract

Ischemic cerebrovascular disease is one of the three deadly diseases. It is characterised by high mortality and high morbidity. Because of no effective treatments of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) and neuroprotectant, there are more and more research focus on neurovascular unit (NVU), which is composed of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs), neuron, astrocyte(AS) and so on. Cell-cell signaling and coupling between these different compartments form the basis for normal function and repair of brain injury. In this mini-review, we will describe the relationship of CMECs, neuron and AS.

References


[1]Zhu LX, Xi QS,Wang J, et al. The dynamic changes of neurons and astrocytes and their cyclin D1expression difference in rats after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Chin JHistochem and Cytochem2008; 17(4): 315-9.
[2]Toru Y, Tatsushi K, Deguchi K, et al. Dissociation and protection of the neurovascularunit after thrombolysis and reperfusion in ischemicrat brain. J Cerebr Blood F Met 2009; 29: 715-25.http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2008.164
[3]Gregory J, del Zoppo MD.Stroke and Neurovascular Protection. NEngl JMed 2006; 354(6): 553-5.http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp058312
[4]Hartwig W, Andrea L. Tight juncions of the blood-brain barrier: development, composition and regulation. Vascular Pharmacology2002; 38(6): 323-37.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1537-1891(02)00200-8
[5]Joó F.Endothelial cellsofthebrainandotherorgansystems:somesimilaritiesand difference. Progress in Neurobiol 1996; 48(3):255-73.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-0082(95)00046-1
[6]BrightmanMW,ReeseTS.Junctionsbetweenintimatelyapposed cellmembranes in the vertebrate brain. J Cell Biol 1969; 40(3):648-77.http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.40.3.648
[7]Takakuni M, Kazuhide H, Loc-Duyen DP, et al. Biphasic Mechanisms of Neurovascular Unit Injury and Protection In CNS Diseases.CNS Neurol Disord-DR 2013; 12(3): 301-15.
[8]Wang F, Michael WJ, Vicki M. Passive Transfer of Sjogren’s Syndrome IgG Produces the Pathophysiology of Overactive Bladder. Arthritis &Rheumatology 2004; 50(11): 3637-45.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.20625
[9]Lu ZY, Dong Q. The ischemia and inflammation of Nerve vascular unit. Chin JCerebrovasc Dis 2012; 6(4): 215-19.
[10]Lin LF, Doherty DH, Lile JD, et al.GDNF: A Glial Cell Line Derived NeurotropicFactor for Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons. Science 1993; 260: 1130-2.http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.8493557
[11]Ken A, Guang J.Brain angiogenesis in developmental and pathological processes: neurovascular injury and angiogenic recovery after stroke. FEBS Journal2009; 276(17):4644-52.http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-4658.2009.07176.x
[12]Yang GY, He XS, Wang YT. A role of nerve vascular unit in the treatment of cerebral ischemia. Chin J Mod Neurol Dis 2011; 11(2): 125-31.
[13]Wang K. Astrocytes and neural function restoration. ChinJ Clin Rehabil 2006; 10(41): 158-9.
[14]Chen WZ, Xu RX, Xu ZJ, et al.Astrocytes can induce tight junction of endothelial cell line formation. J Cell Biol 2003; 25(5): 313-5.
[15]Tadashi I, Mitsuhide N. Endothelium as an endocrine organ.Annu Rev Physiol1995; 57: 171-89.http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ph.57.030195.001131
[16]Yukio S, James CH,Eeden SF. Endothelin-1 changes polymorphonuclear leukocytes' deformability and CD11b expression and promotes their retention in the lung. Am J Resp Cell Mol 2000; 23(3):404-10.http://dx.doi.org/10.1165/ajrcmb.23.3.4057
[17]Castilla MA, Caramelo C,Gazapo RM, et al. Role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in endothelial cell protection against cytotoxic agents. Life Sci2000; 67(9):1003-13.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0024-3205(00)00693-7
[18]Hyman C, Hofer M, Barde YA, et al. BDNF is a neurotrophic factor for dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra. Nature1991; 350(6315): 230-2.http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/350230a0
[19]Xiao FZ, Wang YM. Theeffect of the brain microvascular endothelial cells to neural stem cell proliferation and apoptosis in vitro Oxygen. CJTER 2007; 11(20): 3882-5.
[20]Jin KL, Zhu YH, Sun YJ, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) stimulates neurogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2002;99(18): 11946-50.http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.182296499
[21]Martin HM, Wolf KCT. Expression ofvascularendothelial growth factor and its receptors in rat neural stem cells.Neurosci Lett 2003; 344: 165-8.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3940(03)00407-5
[22]Huang HH, Zhang SP, Lin L, et al. The research of cerebral microvascular endothelial cells influences the proliferation of neural stem cells by secreting vascular endothelial growth factor. The J Pract Med2013; 29(20): 3295-8.
[23]Chen JL, Micheal C. Neurorestorative Treatment of Stroke: Cell and Pharmacological Approaches. NeuroRx 2006; 3: 466-73.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nurx.2006.07.007
[24]Arvidsson A,Collin T, Kirik D,et al. Neuronal replacement from endogenous precursors in the adult brain after stroke. Nat Med 2002; 8(9):963-70.http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm747
[25]Xiong YJ, Xiao LC, Gan L, et al. The effects of cerebral microvascular endothelial cells on neural stem cells’differentiation. Neural Inj&FunctReconstruction 2013; 8(5): 318-21.
[26]Schmidt NO, KoederaD, Messinga M,et al. Vascular endothelial growth factorstimulated cerebralmicrovascular endothelial cells mediate therecruitment of neural stem cells to theneurovascularniche. Brain Res2009; 1268: 24-37.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2009.02.065
[27]Kermani P, Hempstead B. Brain-derivedneurotrophic factor: a newly described mediator ofangiogenesis. Trends Cardiovasc Med2007; 17: 140-3.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcm.2007.03.002
[28]Christie VB, Maltman DJ, Henderson AP,et al. Retinoid supplementation of differentiating humanneural progenitors and embryonic stem cells leads toenhanced neurogenesis in vitro. J NeurosciMethods2010; 193: 239-45.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.08.022
[29]Yin KJ, Hamblin M, Chen YE. Angiogenesis-regulating microRNAs and Ischemic Stroke. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2015; 13(3): 352-65.http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15701611113119990016
[30]Shen Q, Susan KG, Karanth N,et al. Endothelial Cells Stimulate Self-Renewal and ExpandNeurogenesis of Neural Stem Cells. Science 2004; 304(28):1338-40.http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1095505
[31]Dirk MH, Michael C. Promoting brain remodelling and plasticity for strokerecovery: therapeutic promise and potential pitfalls ofclinical translation. Lancet Neurol 2012; 11: 369-80.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(12)70039-X
[32]Mo YY, Jiang Y, Chen Y. The research progress of astro-cytes biological function. Prog Physiol Sci 2002; (1): 71-73.
[33]Barkho BZ,Song H, Aimone JB, et al. Identification of astrocyte- expressed factors that modulate neural stem/progenitor cell differentiation. StemCells and Development 2006; 5: 407-21.http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/scd.2006.15.407
[34]Iadecola C, Nedergaard M. Glial regulation of the cerebralmicrovasculature. Nat Neurosci 2007; 11(10):1369-79.http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn2003
[35]Stewart PA, Wiley MJ. Developing nervous tissue induces formation of blood-brain barrier characteristics in invading endothelial cells: A study using quail-chick transplantation chimeras. Developmental Biol 1981; 84(1):182-92.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-1606(81)90382-1
[36]Zhu BF, Wang W. The role of glial cells in the neural vascular unit. Neural Injury&FunctReconstruction2012; 7(4): 299-302.
[37]Estrada, Carmen MD, Bready,et al. Astrocyte growth stimulation by a soluble factor produced by cerebral endothelial cellsin vitro. J Neuropath Exp Nrur 1990; 49(6): 539-49.http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005072-199011000-00001
[38]Mizuguchi H, Utoguchi N, Mayumi T. Preparation of glial extracellular matrix: a novel method to analyze glial-endothelial cell interaction. Brain Res Protoc 1997; 1: 339-43.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1385-299X(97)00008-1
[39]Schroeter ML, Mertsch K, Giese H, et al. Astrocytes enhance radical defense in capillary endothelial cellsconstituting the blood-brain barrier. FEBS Lett 1999; 449: 241-4.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0014-5793(99)00451-2

Downloads

Published

2016-08-12

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 2 (2016)

Section

Articles

License

Policy for Journals/Articles with Open Access

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  • Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.

  • Authors are permitted and encouraged to post links to their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work

Policy for Journals / Manuscript with Paid Access

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  • Publisher retain copyright .

  • Authors are permitted and encouraged to post links to their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work .