Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences  -   Volume 8 Number 2

Exploration of Multiple Intelligence by Using Latent Class Model

Shaista Ismat and Junaid Sagir Sidiqui

http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2012.08.02.28

Abstract: In this article we have tried to explore, "multiple intelligence" in the educated youth through questionnaire items by applying latent class models. A questionnaire consists of 50 questions. These questions have constructed in the light of Howard Gardner theory of multiple intelligence to explore "multiple intelligence". A survey was conducted on 399 adult students from different regions of Karachi. For statistical analysis we have selected three sets with seven variables, and one set with 4 variables each with binary response.  On these four sets up to three classes latent class models were applied. The Probability of positive response (πiy) in each class were estimated by using E.M algorithm and interpreted the class as on the basis of πiy values. By assessed goodness of fit latent classes/ groups were identified. Two class (two groups of people) model was found in all four data sets. A group (class) consists of the people who think that they have strong verbal expressions abilities, effectively use language to express himself/herself theoretically and poetically, they have good ability to recognize musical pitches, tones and rhythms, we may call this class as "self competence and self esteem" as "musically talented" as "socialize" (having high interpersonal ability).

Keywords: Manifest variables, latent variable, positive response, stochastically independent, prior probability, label, likelihood, Estimation, Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC).

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Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences  -   Volume 8 Number 2

Pilot Plant Study to Utilize Waste Brine Generated by Salt Industries

Farhan Ullah Khan, Majid Mumtaz and Tehseen Ahmed

http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2012.08.02.23

Abstract: Since early 80s, people of Pakistan have been enjoying good quality of salt known as refined salt. Mechanical salt washing is used in many countries to upgrade salt quality. The counter current washing at multiple stages and dewatering by centrifuge improves salt quality. During this process almost 10 to 15% of salt is converted into saturated brine solution containing high amount of sodium chloride, calcium, magnesium, potassium and sulphate. In the current practice most of the salt processers, this brine waste solution is drained. In the present study, a method is modified to utilize this waste brine solution. Brine was treated with calcium oxide and iron chloride to remove some soluble and insoluble impurities. The treated brine is evaporated in a specially constructed jacketed crystallizer connected with a hot water geyser. Heat is transferred through bottom by counter current flow. The temperature is maintained between 55 to 65^oC at pH 3-4. The applied study yield the well shaped pyramidal crystals of salt known as Fluer de sel (flower of salt), that are world famous and used in gourmet foods with a growing market. Fleur de Sel has unique morphology, lower bulk density, large surface area, improved taste and rapid dissolution as compared to the common cubic salt

Keywords: Sodium chloride, waste brine, magnesium removal, temperature, pyramidal crystal

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Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences  -   Volume 8 Number 2

Toxic Effects Observed on Light Weight Proteins of Musca domestica with Pb(CH3COO)2

Rizwanul Haq, Ehteshamul Haq and M. Farhanullah Khan

http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2012.08.02.21

Abstract: Lead is considered to be an important noxious waste which could contaminate the environment, such as soil, air and water, therefore, insects could be influenced easily by the lead. Musca domestica, was studied at 48 hours post treatment, under the effects of lead acetate, in different concentrations. It was observed that under the effects of lead abnormalities and deformity were developed in the larvae of flies. Thus these flies could present a useful module for the quick transmission of the environmental hazards due to lead contamination, which exerts a specific physiological and morphological effect on these flies.

Keywords: Effects, lead acetate, M.domestica.

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Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences  -   Volume 8 Number 2

Performance of some Promising Genotypes of Soybean Under Different Planting Dates Using Biplots Analysis

A.A. Kandil, A.E. Sharief, A.R. Morsy and A.I. Manar El-Sayed

http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2012.08.02.22

Abstract: Soybean yield is affected by planting dates and there are significant efficiency losses when planting are done outward a relatively restricted period. Genotypes and environment are major contributing factor of plant phenotype. Economically important quantitative traits include agronomic characteristics. Four separate experiments are carried out in each season at the experimental farm of Sakha Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh during 2010 and 2011seasons. Seed yield of six soybeans cultivars i.e. Giza 21, Giza 22, Giza 111, H2L12, H30 and H32 examined at four different sowing dates i.e. 20th April, 5th May, of 20th May and 5th June of their effect on seed yield, and yield components. Highest number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant, 100 seed weight (g), and seed yield. Soybean cultivars showed high difference in seed yield and its component, Giza 21 exhibited maximum number of pods/plant, 100 seed yield, and seed yield. H32 cultivar contributed highest number of branches/plant. Through genotypes and genotypes x environment biplots of regression model analysis results, the performance of a cultivar at different environments was compared, the performance of six cultivars at different environments (planting dates) were compared. The results indicated that sown on 5th May increased seed yield/ha by 19.7% compared with sown on 5th June and increased seed yield by 17.9% compared with sown on 20th April, and increased seed yield by 10.3% compared with sown on 20th May. It could be noticed that Giza 21 cultivar exceeded H32 line by 16.63%, H30 line by 14.6%, Giza 22 cultivar by 13.7%, H2L12 line by 6.5% and Giza 111 by 5.3% in seed yield/ha. Highest yielding cultivars at the different mega environments were identified, and ideal cultivars and test planting date was identified. It could be suggested that soybean genotypes of Giza 21 and Giza 111 are the most promising for planting date 5th May and recorded concentrated seed yield/ha.

Keywords: Soybean genotypes, sowing dates, biplots analysis, seed yield and yield attributes.

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Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences  -   Volume 8 Number 2

Seroprevalence of Avian H9N2 Influenza Virus in a Population of Iranian Domestic Dogs

Mohammad Abbaszadeh Hasiri, Saeed Nazifi, Elham Mohsenifard and Maryam Ansari-Lari

http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2012.08.02.15

Abstract: The prevalence of H9N2 influenza virus in dogs was first time observed in Fars province of Iran. A total of 182 dogs were selected from the clinical cases at the Small Animal Clinic of Veterinary Medicine School, Shiraz University. After obtaining history, physical examination was performed and blood samples were obtained for serological examination (Eliza and HI assay) for the detection of H9N2-specific antibodies. Associated factors (age, breed, diet, place, presence of other dogs, general symptoms, respiratory and gastrointestinal signs) were also evaluated. The positive results showed that 81.7 % of ELISA positive cases had titer ≥ 32 for H9N2 influenza in HI test. Although positive result were found more in dogs with general or respiratory signs, no significant differences were observed in the evaluated factors and seropositivity. This research showed high seroprevalence of Ab against H9N2 in dogs and made this hypothesis that H9N2 may be important in dogs in virus persistence. Additional research is needed for detection of epidemiologic role of dogs in transmission and pathogenesis of H9N2 in dogs and humans.

Keyword: Canine influenza virus, Avian influenza virus, H9N2, Dog, Iran, Seroprevalence.

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