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Abstract : Calming Ethnic Conflicts: The Role of the form of Government
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Abstract: This article discusses the causation between forms of government, on the one hand, and ethnic conflicts on the other. This topic has received little attention in political science. The article gives a critical review of academic discussions on the relationship between ethnic conflicts and forms of government. How to calm ethnic conflict through the combination of institutions that represent ethnic groups’ interests and provide peaceful ethnic dialogue? Which institutional design prevents ethnic conflicts? Prevention and resolution of ethnic conflicts are the functions of political institutions in a multi-ethnic society. Calming ethnic conflict could come from both an institutional and a non-institutional manner. The form of government is the institutional mechanism for managing ethnic conflicts, along with the decentralization of power and the electoral system. Empirical and theoretical observations show that ethnic conflict is more likely to happen in parliamentary systems than presidential ones, but other political institutional arrangements are important too. The authors present arguments for supporting this conclusion. Keywords: Ethnic conflict, form of government, presidential system, parliamentary system, conflict resolution. |
Abstract : Economic Problems of the Leading Russian National Newspapers: Information Priorities and Language Specificity
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Abstract: It contains the results of a study devoted to determining the role and place of economic topics in the largest federal publications in Russia. The range of issues covered in this area is wide, and reflects global and national trends, and the economy has a prominent place in the structure of publications. The study focuses on the definition of economically oriented content of publications: Rossiyskaya Gazeta and Izvestia. The authors pay attention to both structural (heading of printed elements, site navigation), and content elements (problems, language and stylistic features). The most characteristic materials on various aspects of the economy are analyzed. The increasing role of the economy, crisis in this area lead to increased demand for the mass audience in the news in this area. Keywords: Economics, finance, business, Izvestia newspaper, Rossiyskaya Gazeta, economics in the media. |
Abstract : The Role of the International Judiciary in Protecting the Holy Places
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Abstract: The protection of the sacred places that constitute the spiritual values of peoples is no less important than the protection of the physical entity of man, because of the attachment of these sanctities as a cultural and civilized entity. There is no doubt that the continuous and significant increase in the violation of the holy sites calls for the need to consider the legal protection of these holy places as an urgent necessity to preserve them. Attacks on holy sites represent a real threat to international peace and security, through the effects of the encroachment or threat to these holy sites, which leads to significant damage caused by armed conflicts, whether internal, regional or international. The legal basis for the protection of the holy places is closely linked to the development of the civilized thought of the international community. What is being reported today in the international community about violence and its escalation is related to the violation of the sacred places that affect the conscience and conscience at its core. The international community should therefore recognize that the more it plays its part properly, the sooner these violations will be put in place the less likely there will be an escalation of violence. Keywords: International Judiciary, International Law, International Treaties, Holy Places, Judgments, Freedom of Belief. |
Abstract : The Problem of Own and Alien in Dovlatov's Cycle “Suitcase”
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Abstract: The article deals with various aspects of the reception of the concepts "Own" and "Alien" in S. Dovlatov's "Suitcase" cycle: material, ideological, philosophical, socio - and ethnocultural, etc. Special attention is paid to the reception of the categories of Soviet and official as not-Own. An important component of the problem of Own and Alien in the "Suitcase" cycle is also the attitude of the hero-narrator to Soviet and American culture. Widely articulated desire to associate his biography and professional activities allows us to conclude about the hero’s attempt to position himself as a person outside the Soviet system. The appeal to the realities of culture helps the author to identify their value orientations and express their attitude to people and the world. Certainly, the significance of the problem of the correlation of Own and Alien in the literary heritage of S. Dovlatov is predetermined by his status as a dissident writer and an immigrant writer. However, the writer is not characterized by a tendency toward the antithetic character of creating an opposition between Own and Alien. In the art world of S. Dovlatov, there are no types of "stigmatized Alien" and "hostile Alien". Moreover, the model of his interaction with the world is defined as "Own among your Own". Keywords: S. Dovlatov, Russian emigrant literature, Own, Alien, autobiography, cultural associations. |
Abstract : Gender-Based Violence: Typology and Solutions
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Abstract: There are a few solutions that could at least influence the decrease of GBVAW. One of them is raising awareness, informing people about their rights and opportunities to seek help and support is crucial. Victims of GBV often experience psychological problems which come together with stigma, shame and feeling of deserving the violence. Raising awareness could be done differently, using different platforms. The social media took its stand in solving important social issues. Celebrities, influencers, micro-influencers cover the topics of GBVAW and information on how to seek help. Undoubtedly, the work of NGOs and women shelters are important as never. Thus, Educational pages, just as other pragmatic apparatuses committed to handling lewd behavior, savagery as well as sexual orientation correspondence is a need. One of the ways to raise awareness and empower women and girls is to encourage victims to speak out and seek help both legal and psychological as well as the support of the family and friends. Therefore, one of the paramount importance is to erase the shame and stigma around the GBVAW. Undoubtedly, the legal framework shall support women in their intentions to seek help. Unfortunately, this became one of the most significant problems for several countries. In numerous states, enactment tending to sex based savagery against ladies is non-existent, deficient or ineffectively actualized. As well as seeking financing to sustain the women’s shelters and hotline. That became apparent during the lockdown, a lot of the women’s support centers had to close due to the shortage of financing. COVID-19 in addition to making a lot of harm to the state of GBVAW in the world at the same time brought new ideas to fight with it. Thus, during the lockdown, some of the police forces introduced special apps for reporting a GBVAW crime. Thus, an aggressor could not understand that a report had been made. This model of reporting is an excellent tool to seek help especially when a situation is highly dangerous. Keywords: Gender-Based Violence, women’s rights, typology. |