ijcs
Abstract : State and Hegemony in Nigeria: Implications for Environmental Politics
|
|
Abstract: This paper analyses the implication of state and hegemony on environmental politics in Nigeria. It argues that Nigeria as a British colonial creation is essentially a capitalist system that was invertedly created because unlike Western systems, it is a capitalist system that is run by non-capitalists. This implies that in Nigeria, there is a palpable absence of the state which is a creation of capitalists to coordinate other superstructures. This then explains why the political class in Nigeria comprises of fractious groups that are too preoccupied with politics and material survival and as such do not have hegemony. The import of absence of the state and dearth of hegemony in Nigeria is that environmental politics is uncoordinated with cases of Niger Delta and farmers-herdsmen crises demonstrating this reality. The paper concludes hegemony-induced environmental governance can ensure nationalistic values which would treat environmental and related issues with the urgency they deserve. Keywords: State, Hegemony, Environmental Politics, Environment, Nigeria. |
Abstract : Democratization, Litigations and Criminalization of Elections in Nigeria
|
|
Abstract: The study examines criminalization of elections in Nigeria with the prism lens focused respectively on the 2019 gubernatorial elections in Nigeria. The intention is to further advance the ongoing discourse on how criminality in elections has eroded core democratic values in the country. The source(s) of the data for this discourse are mostly derived from critical stakeholders including the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), political parties, aspirants or candidates, voters, election monitors and observers, and various scholarly contributions obtained from the internet. The research concluded with ways to address election criminality in Nigeria. Keywords: Democratization, Litigations, Criminatlization and Elections. |
Abstract : Interpretation of the Concept of “Enterprise” in the Context of Latin American Legal Scholars’ Contemporary Ideas on the Tasks of Civil and Commercial Codifications
|
|
Abstract: The relevance of the study is connected with its complex nature, giving an understanding of the vector of development of civil and commercial codifications in some Latin American countries, based on recent statutory regulations, which were not previously adequately reflected in the doctrine. From this perspective, therefore, this study fills the gap in the relevant knowledge. The author examines the features of the legal regime in certain Latin American countries to comprehend and show which trends prevail in a particular country and how this is reflected in the tasks of civil and commercial codifications. Thereby, the results obtained by the author are given in a comparative aspect in the context of Latin American legal experts’ ideas on the tasks of civil and commercial codifications concerning the legal recognition of the interpretation of the concept of “enterprise”. Keywords: Latin America, Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, Peru, the theory of enterprise, the theory of commercial law, trading fund, Universitas, a set of assets, civil and commercial codifications, tasks of civil and commercial codifications. |
Abstract : Historical and Sociological Analysis of the Value World of the Cultural Policy of the Siberian Tatars (The Case Study of the Russian Archive Documents of the 18th – 19th Centuries)
|
|
Abstract: The nature of the cultural policy of the Siberian Tatars and its connection with the value world is described for the first time. This material singles out and describes three levels in the development of the anthroponymys value world in the national cultural policy (ancient, middle-aged, and new Turkic). The authors used comparative methods (investigation of archives) and empirical methods, namely, the generalization of the great human experience, which is formed at the levels of cultural policy forming (ancient, middle-aged, and new Turkic). According to the level of religiousness of the ancient Turks, the system of ideas, which is reflected in the needs and desires due to naive mental activity, the authors singled out the ancient model of constructing their cultural policy or the first ancient level of values in the cultural policy of the Siberian Tatars. The anthroponyms system of the Siberian Tatars is an axiological worldview observing objective and subjective evaluative attitudes. The subject in the cultural policy becomes familiar with the value world of name-giving, the system of ideas or ideology appears, which is transformed into a certain stage of development. Cultural policy in the ancient period was created but it is changed in the modern world. The novelty of the study is in the fact that the object category was studied in the cultural policy of Siberian Tatars indefinitely. Our investigation showed interrelation between human being and his experience (object and subject). Our motivation to study the value world of the cultural policy of the Siberian Tatars is supported by the idea that harmony and peace between cultures is possible only in the way of value world and its priorities understanding. New research results complement theoretical generalizations, open up new conceptual opportunities in solving national problems, and make it possible to formulate new strategic goals in our multinational state. They can improve the implementation of cultural policy by social society in goal setting and identification of national cultural values and priorities in the creation on their basis of targeted programs and expenses. Keywords: Historical and sociological analysis, Values, Policy, Anthroponyms, Culture, Religion. |
Abstract : The Influence of National Economy Specifics on the Interaction between Universities and Corporations in the Field of Innovation
|
|
Abstract: Questions of the influence of national economy features on innovation activity do not lose their relevance at the beginning of the XXI century. In different countries of the world, new approaches to stimulating innovation are emerging that take into account the peculiarities of national economies. However, the main problem of such activities remains the speed of movement of new technologies from universities to corporations and the further creation of new products and technologies. The number of patents obtained by various organizations is becoming one of the main indicators of the development of the national economy. It is noted that the relationship between research costs and the number of patents obtained is not as linear as it seems in theory. The practical implementation of diffuse processes in an innovative environment also does not have a linear dependence on the "investment – result". The use of statistical analysis methods allowed us to identify the facts that signal that the model of stimulating innovation activity, formed in the 1980s of the XX century, is losing its advantages. The article examines in detail the progress of higher education reform in the EU countries and identifies the key features of combining scientific organizations to create large multidisciplinary research centers. The authors conclude that the experience of such a reform in France is very interesting to study in Russia. It is noted that since the 2000s. in the United States and the European Union, questions are raised about the revision of the University tax system, as well as changes in the legal status of educational organizations. Similar trends occur in Russia, however, due to historical and social processes, they have their specifics. According to the authors, the regulation of taxation of scientific activities leads to the formation of unique elements of the economic mechanism for stimulating innovation. Keywords: Innovation activity, intellectual property, higher education, entrepreneurial university, intellectual capital. |