Associations of Intellectual Ability with Emotional Intelligence, Academic Achievement and Aggression of Adolescents
Pages 344-350

Mehwish Mursaleen and Seema Munaf

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2016.12.53
Published: 16 August 2016

Abstract: Purpose: The current study examined the relationship of intellectual ability with emotional intelligence, academic achievement, and aggression of adolescents.

Methods: Correlational design was utilized to study the relationship between these variables. Adolescent students (N=500, 50% boys & 50% girls, with the mean age of 15.01 years & SD of 1.11) were approached from different private schools and colleges of Karachi. To measure their intellectual ability, emotional intelligence, and aggression, Draw-A-Person Intellectual Ability Test for children, adolescents, and adults (DAP: IQ), Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS), and Aggression Questionnaire-Short Form (AQ-12) were administered. Their academic achievement was assessed through their percentage of most recent examination. Pearson product moment correlation coefficient was utilized to analyse the results.

Results: Intellectual ability was significantly positively related with emotional intelligence and its domains i.e. Self-Emotional Appraisal, Others’ Emotional Appraisal, Use of Emotions, and Regulation of Emotions (p <.01). Intellectual ability and emotional intelligence were also significantly positively related to academic achievement (r=.181, p < .01 & r = .143, p < .01 respectively). Further, intellectual ability and emotional intelligence were significantly negatively related with aggression (r = -.108, p < .01 & r = -.102, p < .05 respectively).

Conclusion: Intellectual ability and Emotional intelligence are related constructs which are not only positively related with each other but also with academic achievement while negatively related to the aggression of adolescents. Hence, these two domains of intelligence are equally important in academic achievement as well as in control/expression of aggression.

Effect of Green Manure, Sesbania bispinosa Wight Amendment on Incidence of Sucking Insect Pests, their Predators and Yield in Organic Cotton
Pages 329-338

Jam Ghulam Mustafa Sahito, Tajwar Sultana Syed, Ghulam Hussain Abro and Inayatullah Rajpar

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2016.12.51
Published: 16 August 2016

Abstract: Cotton holds the key importance in the economy of Pakistan, but its yield is severely affected due to the infestation of many insect pests. Farmers mostly rely on chemicals to control pests but their adverse effects on human health and their interests are also considerable. Therefore, this study was conducted over two years to evaluate the influence of amendment of soil with green manure (GM) Dhancha, Sesbania bispinosaWight on the population of cotton sucking insect pests and their predators. Significant impact of GM was found in lowering the population of sucking pests of cotton i.e., Thrips tabaci(Lind), Bemisia tabaci (Gennadus), Amrasca bigutulla bigutulla (Ishida) and Tetranychus urticae (Koch) during both years. Population of predators i.e., Chrysoperla carnea, Geocoris punctipesand Orius sp. was also higher in dhancha treated plots in comparison to control. Application of neem oil was found effective in lowering the population of sucking insect pests during 2014; whereas, application of C. carnea cards showed significant impact after the mid cotton season during 2015. Overall growth and yield parameters were better in dhancha amended organic cotton treatment in comparison to control.

Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Sub-Clinical Mastitis in Kundhi Buffaloes
Pages 301-305
Hassina Baloch, Rahmatullah Rind, Aslam Parvez Umerani, Abdul Latif Bhutto, Shahid Hussain Abro, Muhammad Rafique Rind, Rani Abro, Huma Rizwana, Asghar Ali Kamboh and Ahmed Khan Baloch
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2016.12.46
Published: 29 July 2016

Abstract: The present study aimed to elucidate the magnitude and distribution of subclinical mastitis and associated risk factors in ‘Kundhi’ buffaloes of Hyderabad, Tandojam and Tando Allahyar locations of the province of Sindh, Pakistan. Milk samples (n=840) collected from 210 buffaloes were evaluated for the presence of subclinical mastitis in buffaloes using California Mastitis Test (CMT) and severity; moderate, severe, more severe, most severe. The positive samples were further processed for isolation and identification of bacterial pathogens. The overall intensity of subclinical mastitis at animal level was recorded as 54.29% while significantly higher prevalence (P<0.05) of subclinical mastitis was observed in buffaloes of Tandojam (60.56±0.996%) location. The prevalence of the subclinical at quarter-wise noted as 39.29% given maximum frequency (11.31±0.085%) with hind left quarters. The age and parity were found potential risk factors in Kundhi buffaloes, and susceptibility to subclinical mastitis was higher beyond the age of 6-9 years and 4-7 calving. The higher prevalence as well as the intensity of the disease was determined in buffaloes located at Tandojam than Hyderabad and Tando Allahyar. The ailment was higher in animals at 4th lactation likewise crossing 6 years of age and 4-7 parity. The old age animals were more prone to subclinical mastitis than the younger animals. Overall, the prevalence of the subclinical mastitis at animal and quarter levels was observed in buffaloes.

Efficacy of Bio-Pesticides for Managegement of Sucking Insect Pests of Cotton, Gossipium hirsutum (L.)
Pages 301-305
Abdul Majeed Noonari, Ghulam Hussain Abro, Rab Dino Khuhro and Abdul Sattar Buriro
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2016.12.47
Published: 29 July 2016

Abstract: The studies were conducted consecutively for two years, 2006 and 2007 for management of cotton insect pests through eco-friendly measures. Bio-pesticides Neem seed extract, Neem oil, Asafoetida (Hing) and Tobacco leaf extract were evaluated against sucking complex. The experiment regarding evaluation botanical pesticides showed that among all bio-pesticides, the highest percent reduction of thrip (67.65%) was recorded in Neem seed extract followed by Neem oil (60.00%), Tobacco (63.59%) and Hing (Asafoetida) (52.68%) after 96 h. of application. Overall maximum mean reduction (64.69%) was recorded in Neem seed extract followed by Neem oil (57.74%), Tobacco (52.91%) and Asafoetida (46.52%). The highest reduction of jassid (71.97%) was recorded followed by Neem oil (70.06%), Hing (Asafoetida) (68.15%) and Tobacco (23.56%) after 96 h., of application of pesticides. With regards to reduction percent of whitefly revealed that maximum reduction (60.18%) was recorded in Hing (Asafoetida) followed by Neem oil (59.78%), Neem extract (59.38%) and tobacco (40.61%) after 96 h., of spray application. The botanical pesticides started reducing their toxicity after 96 h. However, the effective reduction of pests was recorded up to one week. Integrated pest management (IPM) model was developed for the control of sucking insect pests of cotton, for benefit of farming community through seminars, trainings and pamphlets. Using the safe botanical pesticides remained effective against sucking pests and is recommended against cotton pests, which showed less effective to natural enemies and environment friendly.

ACC-Deaminase, Phosphate-Solubilizing Pseudomonas fluorescens Increase Phosphorus and Decrease Cadmium Concentration to Enhance Wheat Yield
Pages 314-319
Zia-ul-Hassan, S. Khokhar, I. Rajpar, N. Depar, G.M. Jamro, A.N. Shah, Q.D. Jogi, K.H. Talpur, N. Talpur and N.A. Wahocho
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2016.12.48
Published: 29 July 2016

Abstract: Phosphorus (P) fertilization of wheat at higher dose may result in grain cadmium (Cd) accumulation. This field study envisaged yield and comparative P and Cd accumulation of wheat under different P doses, i.e. 0, 45 and 90 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 (P0, P45 and P90, respectively) and seed inoculation with rhizobacterial strains, i.e. no Pseudomonas fluorescens (SM0), with ACC-deaminase P. fluorescens (SM1) and with phosphate-solubilizing, ACC-deaminase P. fluorescens (SM2). The soil was non-saline, alkaline clay loam, poor in organic matter and P content. Both P nutrition and rhizobacteria positively affected wheat growth, yield and nutrient concentration. Increased 1000-grain weight (TGW), yield and P concentration of wheat was noted at P90 over P0 (24-132%) and P45 (3.7-37%), and in case of SM2 (13-57%) and SM1 (5.4-34%) over SM0, and for SM2 over SM1 (1.4 to 2.4-fold). Grain-Cd concentration decreased at P90 over P0 (34%) and P45 (17%), and at P45 over P0 (21%). It decreased over SM0 at SM2 (22%) and SM1 (8%), and over SM1 at SM2 (2.7-fold). Straw-Cd concentration decreased at P90 over P0 (25%) and P45 (18%), and over P0 at P45 (8%). It decreased over SM0 at SM2 (18%) but increased at SM1 (9%). At all P levels, SM2 was more effective over SM1 or SM0. TGW and straw-P increased for P90 interacting with SM2 over SM0 (8.6 and 29%) and SM1 (6 and 14%), and for SM1 over SM0 (2.5 and 13%). Grain- and straw-Cd decreased due to interaction of P90 with SM2 (30 and 23%) or SM1 (6 and 7%) over SM0, and for SM1 over SM0 (26% and 17%). We conclude that adequate P nutrition and seed inoculation with ACC-deaminase, phosphate-solubilizing Pseudomonas fluorescens increase growth and yield of wheat due to its increased P and decreased Cd concentration.