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Abstract - Teenage Pregnancy in South African Schools: Challenges Faced by School Management Teams
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Abstract: Teenage pregnancy in South African schools poses a serious management and leadership challenge. This article is based on the findings of a study that was conducted in South Africa, Limpopo Province. The aim of the study was to examine management of teenage pregnancy in secondary schools in the Vhembe district of Limpopo Province, South Africa. In this article, the challenges faced by school management teams regarding teenage pregnancy are explored. Findings revealed that most School Management Teams do not have policies regarding teenage pregnancies and the Department of Education has not trained them on the policy that it has issued. The study also showed that pregnant learners are the victims of expulsion or school dropout because of those challenges. It is recommended that intervention programmes be developed that include training of School Management Teams, School Governing Bodies and educators regarding the management of teenage pregnancy. Keywords: Counselling, absenteeism, dropout rates, pregnancy management challenges. |
Abstract - Testing for Pro-Poorness of Growth through the Tax System: The Mexican Case
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Abstract: This research provides a detailed examination of the redistributive effect achieved by the tax system including total taxes and cash transfers targeting the contributors and households in the period 2002-2008-2014 for the Mexican regions and the country. We measure the impact on income growth through the tax system according to each fiscal rules for the corresponding years using pre and post fiscal conditions. We answer the next question: considering the economic growth on per capita incomes in the Mexican states, will the impact of the Mexican tax system improve income distribution? That is, by all means pro-poor? Our methodology allows to detect if taxes and benefits can really induce an improvement of income growth on the regions captured by its wellbeing and economic growth conditions. We outlined relevant theoretical issues on public fiscal policies concerning this work and lastly, we proceed with an empirical application to develop some recommendations for the Mexican fiscal policy system. Keywords: Fiscal policy, pro-poor regional growth, redistribution, progressivity.Download Full Article |
Abstract - Testing the Value Function of the Prospect Theory on Russian M&A Market
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Abstract: The article is devoted to the empirical implementation of the prospect theory. The subject is a value function graph. The graph itself was never been plotted on a real empirical data. In this paper a real market situation is considered. Logical indicators which describe and measure the market’s actor’s status and their intensives in different behavioral strategies are proposed. The empirical data from real M&A markets in Russia is collected and a real value function graph is drawn. It is compared to a theoretical value function graph which accompanies the prospect theory. A totally different shape of the curve is noticed. New shape resembles very much the graph of indifference curves, which are well known to the economists back to the late 19th century. Keywords: Value function, Prospect Theory, Mergers and acquisitions, Behavioral discounting rate, Behavioral Finance, Discounted cash flow. |
Abstract - Testing Stochastic Convergence among Mexican States: A Polynomial Regression Analysis
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Abstract: Another look on the economic convergence among Mexican states is offered examining whether they are approaching along 1940-2010. Methodology is based on polynomial regressions, a method that determines whether predictions can be significantly improved by increasing the complexity of the fitted straight-line model. Estimates from a set of polynomial terms are a theoretical approximation to income differentials, so it constitutes an adequate frame to analyze if different initial conditions tend to diminish in the long-run. We calibrate for each economy the polynomial equation of best adjustment supported in information criteria and a strategy of backward iterative elimination. Empirical results are according with the stochastic convergence, but in a relationship where it changed after trade opening, poorer states are diverging and richer states are converging. A focalized regional policy is necessary with the aim to correct the biases produced in a context where some regions are lagging while others more are advancing. Keywords: Convergence, polynomial regression, economic growth, Mexican states.Download Full Article |
Abstract - The “Sudden” Transition to the Free Floating Exchange Rate Regime in Russia in 2014
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Abstract: The events of the fall of 2014 in the Russian currency market forced Bank of Russia to change the exchange rate regime in the national economy. In this study we show that in 2014 the regulator was trying to protect ruble (the Russian national currency) against a massive speculative attack, actively spending its international reserves, but the interventions proved quite ineffective. Moreover, the peculiarity of the structure of these reserves dictated a very limited range of maneuver for the central bank, forcing it to switch to the free floating exchange rate regime in the first half of November, 2014 – an important event, which, actually, could have been predicted by the lay experts on the basis of publically available information and application of simple econometric models. Noteworthy to say that, although not expectedly to the lay population, this switch of the exchange rate regime was done by Bank of Russia quite timely. Keywords: International reserves, adequacy rules, currency interventions, econometric modeling and forecasting. |