Comparing Seroprotective Levels of IgG Antibody Against Single and Two Shots of Measles-Rubella-Mumps (MMR) Vaccine in Children Aged 12 Months to 15 Years Old in Southern Iran, Ahvaz in 2018 - Pages 150-156

Roohangiz Nashibi, Fatemeh Ahmadi, Ghazaleh Keshvadi and Mohammad Hosein Keshvadi
DOI: https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2019.07.03.12

Published: 12 September 2019

Abstract: Background and Objective: Despite inclusive measles and rubella vaccination programs, the epidemics are still present in some areas. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of these two vaccines simultaneously by testing the levels of IgG antibodies in children aged 12 months to 15 years old in Southern Iran.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on serum blood samples of 400 children aged 12 months to 15 years old in Ahvaz, Southern Iran in 2018. The children were divided into the following age groups: age group of 12 months to 17 months and 29 days who received a single dose of Measles, Rubella, Mumps (MMR) vaccine; age group of 18 months to 10 years old who received two doses of MMR vaccine at the ages of 12 months and 18 months; and age group of 11 to 15 years old who received two doses of MMR vaccine at the age of 12 months and 4-6 years old. In the assessments, the protective levels were defined as per the guidelines of the ELISA kit (VIRCELL Co., Spain) as follows: The serum IgG antibody levels above 11 IU/ml were defined as positive protective level, 9 to 11 IU/ml as an equivalent state, and the serum antibody level below 9 IU/ml as a negative state. Accordingly, the equivalent and negative cases were reported as negative and cases above 11 IU/ml were positive.

Results: The male to female ratio was 1.02. Most of the patients (69%) were in the age group 18 months to 10 years old. In all age groups, the number of people with a high serum anti-rubella and anti-measles IgG antibody level was higher than the protective level. There was no significant difference between the mean serum anti-rubella and anti-measles IgG antibody level between the age groups (P= 0.515, P= 0.176, respectively). For rubella, 86.66% of females and 83.16% of males, and for measles, 86.36% of females and 83.66% of males were seropositive, and there was no significant difference by two sexes (P= 0.486 and P= 0.412, respectively).

Conclusions: The frequency of seropositive anti-measles and anti-rubella vaccine was not significantly different between the subjects with a single dose and those with two doses of MMR vaccine. Further studies are needed to evaluate the adequacy of the MMR vaccine for Iranian children. Moreover, due to the lower average serum IgG antibody level measles and rubella in males, further investigation is needed to find out the causal relationship between the lack of appropriate response to vaccine injection and male gender.

Keywords: Students, physical constitution, anthropometry, sexual dimorphism, physical development, healthy lifestyle, physical training.

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New Trends of Teaching Methodology in Embroidery Classes to Children with Intellectual Disability - Pages 157-161

Abizhanova Assem, Almukhambetov Berikzhan, Kanapyanova Raushan, Mukhanova Ainur, Zhapalova Kamila and Kapessova Taniya

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2019.07.03.13

Published: 12 September 2019

Abstract: One of the priority tasks of school education is the formation of personality and its basic culture, including aesthetic one. However, the influence of art on the education of a person depends to a certain extent on his aesthetic development. It brings pleasure and enjoyment only to a person who has the appropriate training and is sufficiently aesthetically educated.

The task of the correctional school is to provide students with the necessary aesthetic training, to introduce them into the big world of art, to make it an effective means of learning about the surrounding reality, development of thinking and moral perfection.

All of the above determines the relevance of the problem of aesthetic education of children with mental retardation in circle embroidery.

Purpose of the study is theoretically substantiated and experimentally test the system of correctional and pedagogical work on the aesthetic education of younger school children with intellectual disabilities in circle embroidery classes.

Keywords: Teaching methodology, embroidery, quality in Education, trends, learners with ID.

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Psycho-Cognitive Human Deprivation: The Essence and Main Aspects - Pages 162-169

Yuliana M. Terletska

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2019.07.03.14

Published: 12 September 2019

Abstract: The relevance of the research is due to the need to initialize the cognitive activity of the psyche, eliminate internal obstacles and full use of its resources as well as ensure the assimilation of knowledge and skills. The article aims to reveal the essence and main aspects of psycho-cognitive human deprivation. Psycho-energetic and energetic-psycho-functional approaches were used. Within the framework of these approaches, the cognitive sphere through Psy-programs ensures the selection of information, and it is processing, the formation of the new mental, its transmission and use. Also, methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison and grouping were used. The essence of psycho-cognitive human deprivation was revealed, which is the stagnation or destructive process of the cognitive sphere of the psyche caused by either under-development, social immaturity or destruction of certain parameters of cognitive processes or lack, absence or unreliability of knowledge; psycho-sensitive, abstract-mental and mnemonic derivations as subspecies of psycho-cognitive deprivation; some features of the operational and functional activity of the cognitive sphere of the psyche of a deprived person are found out. Revealing the essence of psycho-cognitive deprivation and the definition of its main aspects will allow to develop the measures aimed, first, at its elimination and prevention; second, the development of the cognitive sphere and the full use of its resources; third, development of psy-programs using the resources of the unconscious, subconscious, conscious and superconscious in order to search for the latest knowledge, discoveries and inventions.

Keywords: Cognitive sphere, psychic deprivation, psycho-sensitive human deprivation, mnemonic human deprivation, abstract-mental deprivation.

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Connection Between Resistance to Organizational Change and Psychological Resistance of an Individual - Pages 170-178

Hlib A. Prib and Zlata V. Gromova

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2019.07.03.15

Published: 12 September 2019

Abstract: Resistance to organizational change as a facet of psychological resistance of an individual is a widespread phenomenon through which countries, organizations and individuals suffer significant losses. The increasing amount of articles and scientific papers researching the phenomenon of change resistance published for the past 50 year serves as an indicator that the problem of people resisting the implementation of change has not yet been fully studied. Yet the relevance of the issue is far from decreasing as companies keep sustaining considerable losses with the desired changes failing to be implemented as suggested by multiple studies. We believe there is an insufficiently researched aspect of this issue. The purpose of the article is to establish a clear connection between resistance to organizational change and psychological resistance. We believe that such a connection attesting to change resistance being a psychological phenomenon will shift the focus of future research from the organizational or managerial standpoint to viewing change resistance in a psychological dimension. A thorough analysis of previously conducted studies serves as a basis for revealing commonalities between the reason for change resistance and psychological resistance. A chart representing own classification of the reasons for change resistance and psychological resistance illustrating the similarities of the two phenomena can be found in the article. The present study further explores the connections of various strengths that can be seen between the two phenomena and proposes a summary spreadsheet demonstrating the research findings. The article concluded a comparative classification of the reasons for PR and RC appearance, it was stated the connections differ in terms of strengths and permanence.

Keywords: Change resistance, psychological resistance, reasons for change resistance, reasons for psychological resistance, psychological phenomenon, organizational change.

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Creation of Coping-Profiles of Managers for Obtaining Methods of Coping in Socially Significant Situations during Negotiations - Pages 179-187

Svetlana D. Gurieva, Oksana V. Zashchirinskaia and Uliana A. Udavikhina

DOI: https://doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2019.07.03.16

Published: 12 September 2019

Abstract: Professional activity of managers, entrepreneurs and other persons who often enter into negotiations implies high density of difficulties and problem situations. This study explored whether social and psychological peculiarities of personality preferred negotiating styles and response to ambiguity may be determinants of productive coping behaviour. The authors surveyed 105 managers of medium and large-sized business aged from 23 to 59. The average age of the respondents is 35.37 years. The study measured an adaptive level of coping strategies by E. Heim's Coping Questionnaire, peculiarities of personality by 5PFQ P. Costa and R. McCrae, preferred negotiating styles and response to ambiguity. Results suggested that adaptive coping strategies more frequently used by less anxious, emotionally healthy managers who in dealing with colleagues and subordinates show respect, willingness to understand and accept the other's point of view, comparative to non-adaptive or relatively adaptive coping strategies using managers with high anxiety, emotional instability and less developed communication skills. It was found the correlation between preferences of the negotiation styles and personality characteristics of respondents. Managers who use adaptive behavioural coping techniques in socially significant and stressful situations are characterized by a higher degree of respect for the people around them (p<0.001), greater emotional relaxation (p<0.001). These social and psychological characteristics may be considered as the determinants of a person's use of adaptive coping ways under challenging situations and more or less serve as a guarantee for their successful overcoming.

Keywords: Negotiations, negotiating styles, coping strategies, managers, personality characteristics.

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