Short Communication: Metabolic Syndrome and Adaptogenic Nutritional Supplement “AdMax”
Pages 135-136
A.G. Antoshechkin

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-5634.2015.04.04.4

Published: 02 February 2016

Abstract: Metabolic syndrome manifestations include chronic fatigue, insulin resistance, elevated levels of glucose, lipids and cholesterol in the blood, and overweight. The main targets of nutritional supplement “AdMax” are the activation of energy metabolism and stress counteraction. In addition, the “AdMax” constituents decrease the concentration of blood glucose, enhance glucose utilization by cells, decrease the activity of triglyceride lipase and lower blood cholesterol levels. Comparison of metabolic syndrome manifestations to the activities of “AdMax” constituents argues that “AdMax” can be used as a preventive and treatment remedy for metabolic syndrome.

Safety and Efficacy of Long-Term Use of Extended Release Cornstarch Therapy for Glycogen Storage Disease Types 0, III, VI, and IX
Pages 137-142
Katalin M. Ross, Laurie M. Brown, Michelle M. Corrado, Tayoot Chengsupanimit, Latravia M. Curry, Iris A. Ferrecchia, Laura Y. Porras, Justin T. Mathew, Monika Dambska and David A. Weinstein

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-5634.2015.04.04.5

Published: 02 February 2016

Abstract: Background: Impaired glycogen release with fasting results in hypoglycemia in the glycogen storage diseases. A waxy-maize extended release cornstarch was introduced in the United States in 2012 to maintain glucose concentrations during the overnight period, but no studies have assessed the long-term safety and efficacy of this product in the ketotic forms of GSD.

Objective: To assess long-term safety and efficacy of modified cornstarch in patients with ketotic forms of GSD.

Design: An open label overnight trial of extended release cornstarch was performed. Subjects who had a successful trial (defined as optimal metabolic control lasting 2 or more hours more than with traditional cornstarch) were given the option of continuing into the long-term observational phase. Participants were assessed biochemically at baseline and after 12 months.

Results: A total of 16 subjects participated in the open label trial. Efficacy was demonstrated in 100% of the subjects with GSD 0, III, VI, and IX. Of the patients who entered the longitudinal phase, long-term data are available for all subjects. The mean duration of overnight fasting on traditional cornstarch prior to the study for the cohort was 4.9 hours and 9.6 hours on the extended release cornstarch (P < 0.001). All laboratory markers of metabolic control have remained stable in the chronically treated patients.

Conclusion: Extended release cornstarch dramatically prolongs the overnight fast duration, maximizes safety from hypoglycemic events, reduces the possibility of sleep deprivation, and improves the quality of life of patients by eliminating the need to awaken without fail for middle of the night therapy without sacrificing metabolic control.

Inhibitory Effects of Ginseng (Panax ginseng)Berry on Tumour Promotion and Inflammatory Ear Oedema Induced by TPA
Pages 143-148
Ken Yasukawa, Wan-Kyunn Whang and Sung-Kwon Ko

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-5634.2015.04.04.6

Published: 02 February 2016

Abstract: Cancer prevention is a major issue in the field of public health. Ethanol extracts of the ginseng berry were found to inhibit the inflammation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a tumour promoter. The extracts also inhibited tumour promotion by TPA in the mouse skin two-stage carcinogenesis model. The major components, ginsenosides Rd (3) and Re (4), inhibited inflammation induced by TPA in mice, while protopanaxadiol (1) and protopanaxatriol (2), the aglycones of these ginsenosides, markedly inhibited TPA-induced inflammatory ear oedema in mice. The inhibitory effects of these compounds were more potent than those of indomethacin.

Dietary Inadequacy of Micronutrients in Adolescent Girls of Urban Varanasi: Call for Action
Pages 149-165
Jaya Krishna and C.P. Mishra

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-5634.2015.04.04.7

Published: 02 February 2016

Abstract: Background: Adolescent girls are vulnerable to dietary inadequacy in general and micronutrients (viz, Iron, Calcium, Vitamin A and C etc) inadequacy in particular due to variety of reasons including their own food preferences. Lack of protective foods in their diet can have serious consequences.

Objective: To assess dietary inadequacy of micronutrients in urban adolescent girls and to pinpoint their correlates.

Methodology: A community based cross sectional study was undertaken on 400 adolescent girls (10-19 years) of urban Varanasi, selected by adopting multistage sampling technique. Their socio-demographic and personal characteristics were obtained by interviewing parents or other responsible family member. Dietary intake of subjects was assessed by 24 hours recall oral questionnaire method and their micronutrients intake was computed by using nutritive value of Indian foods.

Result: In case of 72.8%, 71.2%, 88.2% and 6.2% subjects calcium, iron, Vitamin A and Vitamin C intakes were <50% of Recommended Dietary Allowances. Taking 10-14 years as reference risk of less iron intake was more (AOR; 3.66 CI: 1.30-10.30) in subjects aged 18-19 years. When Scheduled Caste was taken as reference category, risk of less iron intake was more in subjects from other caste category (AOR; 2.91, CI: 1.07-7.91). In comparison to subjects having sibling <4 risk of less calcium intake was more (AOR; 4.37 CI: 1.10-17.39) in subjects having sibling >7.With reference to vegetarians, odds of less vitamin C intake was more in nonvegetarian (AOR=2.01: CI-1.10-3.65) and eggitarian (AOR=2.53: CI-1.03-6.19).

Conclusion: Micronutrients deficiency in urban adolescents is quiet predominant and calls for community based interventions to streamline micronutrients supplementation and therapeutic strategies.

Inhibitory Effects of the Flower of Canadian Goldenrod (Solidago altissima L.) on Tumour Promotion Induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-actete
Pages 76-80
Ken Yasukawa

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-5634.2015.04.03.1

Published: 28 October 2015

Abstract: Cancer prevention is an important issue in various healthcare fields; thus, we continue searching for potential useful compounds. This study focuses on the utilization of Canadian goldenrod, which is commonly seen growing on vacant land. Methanol extracts of the flower of Canadian goldenrod inhibited inflammation by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and inhibited promotion in the mouse skin two-stage carcinogenesis model. Five inhibitory compounds were isolated from the active fraction, and these compounds were identified as flavonoids; kaempferol (1), quercetin (2), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (3), querectin-3-O-rutinoside (4), and isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside (5). These compounds inhibited the inflammation induced by TPA, and the inhibitory effects were similar to indomethacin.