ijcs
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Abstract: Creating and maintaining a positive school climate is paramount for student well-being. Microaggressions, or subtle forms of prejudice, in the classroom setting can present a barrier to cultivating such a climate and contribute to a host of negative consequences for impacted students. This study explores student perceptions of the prevalence and types of microaggressions at a private, liberal arts college in South-Central Pennsylvania. Data from student surveys will be examined to develop a better understanding of this topic and generate discussions about maintaining a positive and inclusive school climate that welcomes diversity. Keywords: Microaggressions, School Climate, Campus Diversity, School Safety. |
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Abstract: Scholars generally agree that law enforcement organizations are influenced by the environment. While most research on criminal justice organizations has focused on municipal law enforcement agencies, sheriff agencies are distinct from municipal police agencies for a variety of reasons. As such, sheriff agencies may be uniquely impacted by environmental pressures. In the current study, electronic surveys were sent to sheriffs in 9 states to assess their concern about juvenile trafficking, their perception of environmental groups’ concern, and the agency’s response to juvenile trafficking. Results suggested a complex relationship between environmental groups, respondent perceptions, and agency response. Most notably, sheriffs seemed to view themselves as most in sync with local groups, especially the community. Additionally, rural agencies did seem to be influenced differently by environmental groups than urban and suburban agencies. Future research should study rural agencies and also seek to more deeply understand the complex relationships between the environment and sheriffs. Keywords: Institutional theory, sheriff, trafficking. |
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Abstract: This study examines the influence of criminal embeddedness on the intensity of criminal behavior among primary and secondary school students in a large Brazilian city. A database conceived by the Center for the Study of Crime and Public Security at the Federal University in Minas Gerais is used to analyze the involvement of youths displaying delinquent behavior at home or at school and how school performance and peer relationships are effected. Based on differential association and learning theories, the main hypotheses are (1) the greater the criminal embeddedness, the lower the degree of school satisfaction as well as future expectation of continued higher education, and (2) the greater the criminal embeddedness, the greater the risk of the intensity of deviant and criminal behavior. Applying statistical linear and nonlinear regression models, findings indicate that the criminal embeddedness has a negative and statistically significant association with the student’s level of school satisfaction. Keywords: Delinquent behavior, School violence, Criminal embeddeness, School satisfaction, Brazil. |
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Abstract: The right to protection of human life, health, dignity and honor is the sacred and noble right, recognized in the Constitution and protected by the Vietnamese Criminal law. However, in the pass years, the situation of crimes of sexual assault including child sexual abuse in Southern provinces and cities which are 32 provinces and cities from Da Nang to Ca Mau has been complicated both in number and nature of activities. In this paper, the author intends to investigate the criminal situation, characteristics of victims in child sexual abuse cases, legal framework of prevention measures, as well as some recommendations for Vietnam. Keywords: Characteristic, victim, child sexual abuse, prevent, Vietnam. |
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Abstract: Under Vietnamese policies, trafficked persons are first received and verified by anti-trafficking agencies. They need to be provided the protection of physical safety and privacy. It is investigated that while victims have formal rights to protections of their privacy upon return, in practice this was not always adhered to. The government only applied a few protective methods stipulated in the national law, leaving a great many trafficked persons to reside in the unsafe environments where they were at risk of being re-trafficked, exploited or threatened after returning. In this paper, the author intends to investigate physical safety and security issues of Vietnamese trafficking victims, legal framework of protecting physical safety and privacy of human trafficking victims, the protection situation as well as some recommendations for Vietnam. Keywords: Protect, victim, human trafficking, physical safety, privacy. |