Studies on Chemical Constituents of Caesalpinia bonduc L. Roxb
Pages 419-421
Sarah Mobasher, Sumayya Saied, Shaista Naz and Juhi Khan

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2014.10.54

Published: 08 September 2014

Abstract: A new compound caesanol 1 and a known diterpene 6β, 7β-dibenzoyloxyvouacapen-5α-ol 2 is isolated for the first time from ethanolic extract of aerial part of this plant. Structures of both were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis.

Spatio-Temporal Transformation in Agricultural Land-Use Pattern in Karachi Using Geo-Spatial Techniques: A Case Study along West Bank of Malir River
Pages 414-418
Anila Kausar, Khalida Mahmood and Razzaq Ahmed

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2014.10.53

Published: 01 September 2014

Abstract: The study attempts to investigate spatio-temporal transformation along the west bank of Malir River in Karachi between 2005 and 2013, using geo-spatial techniques. The major objective of this study is to find out the changes occurring in the pattern of land use along Malir River in various administrative units of Karachi division. The study indicates changes in agricultural land during the period covered by the study. These changes which are all related to agricultural land are mainly explained by transformation occurring in terms of various land-use.

Due to the unavailability of statistical data at grass root level, primary data have been collected from imageries to obtain different land-use categories. The results show that considerable changes have been witnessed in the entire study area. This kind of research is very useful for all agricultural areas around major cities of the Asia and Africa in terms of land-use change detection.

Medical and Clinical Pathology Pre-Screening Visit and Enrolment Seasonal Variability in Healthy Volunteers
Pages 422-427
Yahya Murad and Zaher A. Radi

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2014.10.55

Published: 08 September 2014

Abstract: In the pharmaceutical industry, selection of healthy volunteers is one of the foundations in phase I clinical trials and is a difficult and costly process. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the seasonal variability in recruiting healthy volunteers and examine the value of utilizing a pre-screen visit for healthy volunteers to generate a database pool that will be used in the routine screening process of phase I clinical research studies. We retrospectively studied a total of 1115 male and female volunteers who were scheduled for a medical and clinical pathology pre-screen visit over a one year period. Written consents were obtained from all individuals who participated in the study. Medical pre-screen visit included a full medical history and examination and electrocardiogram and clinical pathology (clinical chemistry, hematology and urinalysis). There was apparent seasonal variability in the participation of individuals in the pre-screen visit. Increased values of clinical chemistry values such as alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase accounted for the majority of the clinically relevant increased values. Increased values of WBC’s and both platelets and mean corpuscular volume accounted for the lowest values. In urinalysis, the most prevalent abnormal values were increased WBC’s and red blood cells. No apparent differences were seen between sexes.Conducting medical and clinical pathology pre-screening visit is important as a source for healthy volunteer database pool to participate in phase I trials.

Modeling Nontraumatic Aneurysm Evolution, Growth and Rupture
Pages 393-413
Tor A. Kwembe and Ashley M. Sanders

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5129.2014.10.52

Published: 25 August 2014

Abstract: We have presented a mathematical model to study the evolution, growth and risk rupture of nontraumatic aneurysms contained within a cylindrical region of blood vessels. Analytical and numerical solutions are studied. Results affirmed that the intra-aneurysmal pressure and bloodstream flow account for the evolution and growth of aneurysms, and we find that an aneurysm may rupture when the ratio of the lateral membrane contraction to longitudinal membrane extension approaches one. Numerical properties of intra-aneurysmal pressure, impact fluid velocity, membrane displacement and the deformed radius with respect to the Poisson ratio, membrane thickness and extensional rigidity are studied. The importance of the findings is rested on the fact that they can be used to improve noninvasive means for predicting aneurysm rupture, and treatment and management decisions after rupture.