jpans
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Abstract: Cancer cells reprogram their metabolism to meet the demands of accelerated growth. Glucose is the primary source of energy for cancer cells, but under conditions of high-energy demand lipids and free fatty acids become increasingly important. PPARγ is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily and acts to regulate adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism. However, in many types of cancer, PPARγ activity is elevated in order to increase production of adipogenic factors [1, 2]. γ-Tocotrienol is an isoform of vitamin E that displays potent anticancer activity [3]. Previous studies have shown that the antiproliferative effects of combined treatment of ã-tocotrienol with PPARγ antagonists was associated with a reduction in PPARγ activity, expression of PPARγ and RXR, and suppression in Akt activation in MCF-7 and MBA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells [4]. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of combination treatment with these agents on adipogenic factor levels in rapidly proliferating human breast cancer cells. Western blot and qRT-PCR studies showed that combined treatment of γ-tocotrienol with PPARγ antagonists not only suppressed the adipogenic proteins, C/EBPβ and SREBP-1c, but also decreased their target lipogenic enzymes, ap2, FAS, and HMGCoR. However, treatment effects were also observed in PPARγ silenced breast cancer cells, indicating that these effects are mediated through PPARγ-independent mechanism. These findings suggest the combined treatment of γ-tocotrienol with PPARγ antagonist may have potential as a therapeutic strategy in the treatment of breast cancer. . Keywords: γ-Tocotrienol, PPARγ, Breast Cancer, C/EBPβ, SREBP-1c, FASN.Download Full Article |
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Abstract: To evaluate the potential effects of Aloe vera supplementation on blood glucose and antioxidant enzymes (Glutathione peroxidase, GPx; Superoxide dismutase, SOD) as well as lipid peroxides (Malondialdehyde, MDA) in the kidneys of experimental type-II Diabetic rats model. This was an experimental study with post-test only control group study design. Type-II diabetes rats were induced by streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, ip) and nicotinamide (230 mg/kg, ip) to Wistar rats. The diabetic rats were randomized into three groups, as follows: (i) Diabetic control rats (received CMC-Na 1 % vehicle only); (ii). Diabetic rats received glibenclamide 0,18 mg/200g orally once daily; (iii) diabetic rats group received glibenclamide (0,18 mg/200g body weight) as well as Aloe vera juice supplementation (3,6 mL/200 g body weight) orally once daily for 30 days. Rats fastedovernight and the blood was withdrawn by retro-orbital puncture under light ether anesthesia on the pre-induction and 1st, 7th, 14thand 28th post induction to determine blood glucose. The kidney tissues of rats were taken under anesthesia at the end of 30 days. In the third group showed the decrease of blood glucose level significantly (p<0,05) compare to others. In addition to that, the third group has lower MDA levels and higher GPx and SOD enzyme levels compared to other groups (P<0,05). Aloe vera juice supplementation has antidiabetic and antioxidant potentials for type-II diabetes mellitus rats model being treated with standard medicine, glibenclamide. Keywords: Antioxidant, Aloe vera, diabetes mellitus, antihyperglycemic, streptozotocin-nicotinamide. |
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Abstract: Obesity has recently become a critical problem in patients with cirrhosis in Japan; however, its true prevalence and prognosis remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated abdominal fat areas, including subcutaneous and visceral fat areas (VFA), in 49 cirrhotic patients and analyzed the association between VFA and body mass index (BMI). Fat areas were examined by computed tomography. Patients were classified as somatometric obesity and visceral obesity based on their BMI (cut-off value: 25 kg/m2) and VFA (cut-off value: 100 cm2), respectively. The mean BMI was 23.5±3.3 kg/m2 (<25 kg/m2, 35 cases; ≥25 kg/m2, 14 cases) and mean VFA was 108.5±118.8 cm2 (<100 cm2, 25 cases; ≥100 cm2, 24 cases). Thirteen out of 14 patients with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 had a VFA ≥100 cm2, and 11 of 35 patients with BMI <25 kg/m2 had a VFA ≥100 cm2. Thus, almost half of the cirrhotic patients in this study had visceral obesity, including a high proportion of patients with BMI <25 kg/m2. These results suggest that visceral obesity, as well as BMI, should be considered in patients with cirrhosis, and individual nutritive management regimes should be designed according to the results. Keywords: Liver cirrhosis, abdominal fat, visceral obesity, chronic hepatitis, malnutrition, overnourishment.Download Full Article |
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Abstract: This study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of three different extracts of propolis (Ethanolic 50%, methanolic 100% and aqueous extracts) with some of their physicochemical aspects. Ethanolic extract was analyzed by LC-MS, while the methanolic extract was analyzed by GC-MS in order to screen polyphenols and volatile compounds in the sample, the identity of these components were achieved by means of comparing their mass spectra with previous published studies. Forrier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was conducted on the methanolic extract and crude propolis samples to gain an overview of some physical characteristics. The antioxidant activities of the three extracts were measured by DPPH scavenging ability and FRAP assay. LC-MS and GC-MS allowed the identification of 19 phenolic and 17 volatile compounds. The most abundant phenolics found in our sample correspond with p-Coumaric benzyl ester, Pinobanksin-3-O-acetate, Caffeic acid benzyl ester and pinocembrin, as they showed the highest peaks in the total ion chromatogram (TIC). In addition, the most abundant volatile compounds showed a high level of agreement with δ-Cadinene and γ- Terpinen.Furthermore, Ethanol 50% extract showed the strongest antioxidant activity, which has a significant correlation with its high polyphenolic content. Keywords: Propolis, antioxidant, Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Folin-Ciocalteu. |
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Abstract: Beetroot juice contains a high level of biologically accessible antioxidants, beneficial phytochemicals and dietary nitrate, which seem to exert beneficial effects in human health. Dietary nitrate, from beetroot has been reported to lower blood pressure. However the impact of beetroot on lipid profile and oxidative stress is unknown. In present study, the effect of supplementation with beetroot juice for 15 days was investigated. Plasma lipid profile, antioxidant status, oxidative stress and body composition changes were evaluated at baseline and after 15 days of beetroot juice supplementation. Beetroot juice supplementation beneficially influenced the lipid profile by significantly increasing the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) from 42.9 ± 8.3 mg/dl to 50.2 ± 9.8 mg/dl and decreasing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) from 129.7 ± 82.3 mg/dl to 119.5 ± 79.2 mg/dl compared with baseline values. Beetroot juice supplementation increased (P < 0.05) plasma nitrite level and guanosine 3’, 5’-cyclic monophosphate (c-GMP) levels. A significant increase in plasma total antioxidant capacity and vitamin C levels was observed after beetroot juice intake for 15 days. There was no significant change in the body fat mass and lean body mass of participants with the beetroot juice supplementation. Beetroot juice supplementation significantly decreased the stress markers plasma hydroperoxides and cortisol levels. Beetroot juice acts as a potent vasodilator by increasing plasma c-GMP levels and nitrite levels. Beetroot juice consumption improves plasma lipid profile and antioxidant status, encouraging further evaluation on a population with higher cardiovascular disease risk. Keywords: Antioxidants,Lipid profile,Cortisol, Supplementation, Cardiovascular health. Download Full Article |