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Abstract: Objective: Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anticancer drug that is known to increase oxidative stress in several organs. Our objective was to evaluate the possible cardioprotective and nephroprotective effects of guava leaves extract (GLE) and olive leaves extract (OLE) on DOX-induced toxicity in rats. Methods: Forty adult male albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 rats each, as follows: a normal control group, a DOX group (a single dose of DOX; 30 mg/kg intraperitoneally), a GLE group (500 mg GLE/kg body weight), and an OLE group (500 mg OLE/kg body weight) for 12 d. DOX was administered in the DOX, GLE, and OLE rats, which were sacrificed 4 d after DOX administration. Results: DOX injection resulted in a significant elevation in serum lactate dehydrogenase, creatinin kinase-MB (CK-MB), total protein, urea, and creatinine. Cardiac as well as renal glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) were significantly decreased, whereas tissue lipid peroxidation significantly increased. Pretreatment with GLE and OLE significantly reduced the elevated concentrations of serum lactate dehydrogenase, KC- MB, urea, creatinine and total protein (P < 0.05). GLE and OLE increased cardiac as well as renal GSH and CAT concentrations and decreased malondialdehyde concentrations. Conclusions: GLE and OLE showed promising protective effects against DOX-induced cardio-nephrotoxicity, which might be attributed to their antioxidant activities. Keywords: Antioxidant, phenolic compounds, Flavonoids, Oxidative stress, Renal, Cardiac. |
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Abstract: Today in Malay community, midwifery traditional knowledge of herbal medicine has disappeared and extinct. The facts are Malay midwives are becoming rare and the more crucial is medicinal plants are over-harvested. The aim of this research is to identify and investigate the active pharmaceutical ingredients content in 20 selected species used in the Malay traditional bath. There is a solid need to analyse the potential of these natural bioactive compounds, particularly carotenoids to be fully utilised and commercialised especially in halal market and health advantages. Through High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, all 20 species were found to have at least four individual carotenoid pigments with a relatively high concentration of lutein and β-carotene and lower concentrations of zeaxanthin. Strobilanthes crispus (Pecah Kaca) leaf was detected to have the highest total carotenoid content (1546.80±283.45 μg/g DW)while Psidium guajava (Jambu Batu) shoot has the lowest total carotenoid content (112.9±82.2 μg/g DW). The significant outcome of the research was a new findings of new natural bioactive compound sources as health promoting agents which covers not only the Shariah requirement, but also safety aspects. Moreover, it will preserve the traditional knowledge of Malay traditional bath practices.. Keywords: Malay midwifery, postnatal traditional bath, carotenoids, antioxidant, active pharmaceutical ingredients, natural bioactive compounds. |
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Abstract: The existence of artificial additives in food seems to be unhealthy from the consumers' point of view, and it is why scientists are looking for some solutions to reduce the unhealthy varieties of additives in manufactured products. This article presents a revision of studies published in recent years on this topic and looks at possible future trends in the sector on one of the indigenous plant activities, which is used as a food seasoning in Iran. Echinophora platyloba DC has a high potency to act as an antimicrobial and antioxidant at the same time. In 3 sections this article explains the subject as follows. The first part includes determination of chemical constituents of isolated fresh and dry aerial parts by different extraction methods. They were analyzed by Gas Chromatography. In the second part antibacterial and antifungal activity of both plant extracts and its essential oil were evaluated against gram positives and gram negatives followed by fungus. Finally in the last part, antioxidant properties of the plant are mentioned. The essential oil and the crude extracts from E. platyloba species are of active candidates which can be used as antioxidant, antimicrobial agents so they still would be the novel ones for further researches. Keywords: Echinophora platyloba DC, natural preservative, essential oil, plant extract, antibacterial, antifungal.Download Full Article |
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Abstract: Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is one of the continuous leading causes of children and pregnant women death. To overcome this malnutrition which currently affected one-third of the world population, there is always renewed interest in exploring numerous dietary sources rich in carotenoids which some of them serve as pre-cursors to vitamin A (pro-vitamin A). It is important that affordable staple foods be as nutritious as possible because poverty limits food access for much of the developing world’s population. Therefore, this study was aimed to explore various dietary sources for carotenoids in 28 ulam and medicinal species which are commonly consumed by the local folks. Carotenoid extraction using organic solvents was performed and analysis employed in this study through High Performance Liquid Chromatography revealed seven types of carotenoids in the food matrices; neoxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, α-carotene and β-carotene. Interestingly, these carotenoids profiles were found in varying concentration and composition in different species as well as in different period or season. Total carotenoids content quantified in all of the samples lies between 1.315 ± 0.007 to 190.301 ± 3.427 µg/g DW where cekur manis has the highest content. The total vitamin A activity (in terms of retinol equivalent, RE) of every species is also included in this study. The results suggested that at least 20 of the ulam and medicinal species may be used as alternative food intervention to eliminate VAD as a public health concern. Keywords: |
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Abstract: Probiotics are increasingly recognized as capable of modulating immune responses. Some probiotic strains show the potential of inducing a different lymphocyte polarization, promoting the Th1 phenotype and inhibiting, at the same time, the allergy-prone Th2 phenotype. On this basis, we could expect that probiotics may act synergistically to improve the clinical efficacy of sublingual allergen immunotherapy (SLIT). In this study, 30 patients affected by allergic rhinitis undergoing SLIT, were concomitantly administered a probiotic supplement (n = 14) or not (n = 16), according to their preference. Nasal symptom score, rescue medication score and ‘well-days’ were evaluated after 2 and 4 months of treatment. Patients who were administered SLIT plus probiotics showed a trend toward reduction of the nasal symptoms (-7.1%, p = ns) with a significant reduction of medication score (-32.6, p = 0.02) and an increase of ‘well-days’ (35.1, p = 0.02). These preliminary data, from a small study population, suggest that this combined approach with SLIT and probiotics could result in an increased efficacy of the SLIT treatment. Keywords: |