In-Vitro Antioxidant Activity, Acute Oral Toxicity Studies and Preliminary Phytochemical Characterization of the Bark Extract of Terminalia arjuna (L.)
Pages 15-21
Samadhan G. Patil, Bhushan S Bhadane, Mohini P. Patil, Sateesh Belemkar and Ravindra H. Patil
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5951.2016.06.01.3
Published: 23 February 2016

Abstract: The free radicals and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to induce oxidative stress and it has been implicated in the pathology of cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory conditions, cancer and ageing. The activities associated with ROS can bedelayed, prevented or removedby antioxidant compounds (natural or synthetic). The use of synthetic antioxidants restricted because of their known side effects such as liver damage and carcinogenesis. The aim of this study to evaluate in vitro antioxidant and acute oral toxicity of Terminalia arjuna extracts. The present finding reveals that the purified fraction at100 µg/ml, showed maximum (91.32 ± 0.10 %,) DPPH radical scavenging effect in comparison with standard ascorbic acid (79.46 ± 0.10%) at the 10 µg/ml concentration. The reducing power of the purified extract was found to be dose dependent. Food and water intake of the animals in test and control groups was found normal during the 14 day acute oral toxicity studies and no apparent changes were observed in the internal organs of both, the test and control groups, after gross necropsy. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the crude acetone extract revealed dominant presence steroids, terpenoids, polyphenols, alkaloids and tannins. TLC profile of the purified fraction revealed a single band of R_f 0.38, a characteristic feature of triterpenoids. The UV absorption maximum of the purified fraction was recorded at 194nm. The FT-IR spectrum indicated presence of aromatic rings 3421 (COOH), 2957 (alkanes, CH₂ and CH₃), 1726 (carbonyl), 1599 (carboxylic acid), and region between 1000-1300 stretching of C-O, ester and ether carboxylic group. Thus, the isolated bioactive phytoconstituents form the bark extract of Terminalia arjuna could be used as natural anti-oxidants..

Keywords:
Antioxidant activity, Acute oral toxicity, T. arjuna, TLC, Triterpenoids.

Influence of Deuterium Depleted Water on Rat Physiology: Reproductive Function, Forming and Posterity Development
Pages 55-60
Lilia V. Fedulova, Stepan S. Dzhimak, Elena A. Kotenkova, Ekaterina R. Vasilevsky and Irina M. Chernukha
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5951.2016.06.02.3
Published: 27 April 2016

Abstract: Reproductive function and postnatal progeny development of rats in four generations treated with deuterium depleted water (40 ppm) were investigated. The targeted generations were parent (F0), first (F1), second (F2) and third (F3). Replacement of tap water to deuterium depleted water did not influence on fertility index as well as on survival and postnatal offspring development. Reproductive function, physical parameters and reflexes development in rats and pups consumed DDW was similar or more intensive in comparison with control group. Therefore, DDW consumption did not possess any toxic effects and may enhance general postnatal development..

Keywords: Fertility, deuterium depleted water, rats, generation, adaptation.

Influence of Biologically Active Substance “STEMB” on a Morphofunctional Condition of a Liver and Kidneys of Rats at an Experimental Hepatorenal Syndrome
Pages 186-193
D.A. Areshidze, L.D. Timchenko, M.A. Kozlova, I.A. Syomin, I.V. Rzhepakovsky, S.I. Piskov and V.N. Vakulin
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1927-5951.2015.05.03.3
Published: 25 August 2015

Abstract: In this investigation, we revealed that application of the biostimulating tissue preparation based on chicken embryos (“STEMB”) at experimental hepatorenal syndrome showed improvement of the morphofunctional parameters of a liver. Under the influence of a biostimulator the relative mass of a liver considerably decreased and biochemical markers of a condition of a liver (total bilirubin, ALT, AST) returned to normal. Besides, under the influence of “STEMB” the tendency to normalization of mitotic, apoptotic and binuclear cells index of liver tissues and considerable decrease in a necrotic index is observed. Results of the research conducted by us allow to make a conclusion on possibility of inclusion of “STEMB” in a complex therapy of HRS for treatment of the injuries of a liver which are its main reason.

Keywords: Hepatorenal syndrome, liver, kidney, biogenic stimulants, tissue therapy, chicken embryo.

Influence of Different Polypeptides Fractions Derived from Sus Scrofa Immune Organs on the Rats Immunological Reactivity
Pages 35-40
L.V. fedulova, Е.R. Vasilevskaya, Е.А. Kotenkova, A.A. Elkina, M.G. Baryshev and A.B. Lisitsyn
DOI: http://dx.doi.org//10.6000/1927-5951.2017.07.02.1
Published: 25 April 2017

Abstract: The influence of protein-peptide compounds, extracted with deuterium water as solubilizer agent from mixture of Sus scofa thymus, spleen and lymph nodes extracts, was carried out on Wistar rats with cytostatic-induced immunodeficiency model. Intragastric administration of extract fraction with molecular weight more than 30 kDa, did not lead to significant changes. Thus, polypeptide compounds with molecular weight less than 30 kD, extracted from Sus scofa immune organs, significantly increased T-lymphocytes amount, affected macrophages system by T-helper (CD4) stimulation and activated cycle of complementary cascade. Differences between the experimental results in T-helper synthesis activation (CD4) in animals treated with the medium and low molecular weight fractions can be explained by the ability of biomolecules having a molecular weight less than 30 kDa (in particular, isolated from the spleen, which, in its cellular structure contains key regulatory factors) to change the speed of cell differentiation.

Keywords:
DDW, immunodeficiency, interleukin, CD3, CD4, thymus, lymph nodes, spleen, tissue-specific bioactive compounds

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