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Abstract : Ensuring the Fulfillment of Contracts in Civil Law
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Abstract: The main purpose of the article is to comprehensively describe the main ways to ensure compliance. The main research approach is analytical and legal methodology. Doctrinal and legislative provisions on ensuring the implementation of civil law agreements were analysed. The process of formation of the institute ensuring the fulfilment of contracts was characterised. A comparative analysis of ways to ensure the implementation of agreements on their legal nature and effectiveness, highlighted the signs of their demarcation. The foreign practice of ensuring the fulfilment of contractual obligations was analysed, and the possible directions of its implementation in the domestic legal space were determined. Gaps in legislative regulation and problems of practical implementation in ways to ensure the implementation of agreements were identified. The author proposed the definition of ways to ensure the implementation of contracts. The findings are valuable for legislative initiatives and for the practical activities of the parties to contractual obligations in terms of choosing the most effective way to secure the contracts they enter into. Keywords: Contracts, performance of contracts, security of performance, security of obligations, methods of security, inheritance, will. |
Abstract : Career Networking as a Praxeological Communicative Practice of the XXI Century in Social Theory
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Abstract: Career networking as a praxeological communicative practice is little studied in terms of effectiveness. The lack of research into the emotional, motivational, psychological and career effects of networking necessitates a study of the relationship between the types of career networking and these effects. The effects of networking in achieving career success were identified based on the electronic confidential survey of 102 employees of Ukrainian companies. The results of assessing the relationship between career networking types and emotional, motivational, psychological and occupational effects indicate that the relationship between variables is medium, low or absent. Therefore, the career effect is not related to networking, according to employees, if there is an average level of connection between the emotional, motivational, psychological effects and different types of networking. The study proves the subjectivity of the assessment of career networking and its effects. The article reveals the perception of career development methods: networking is perceived negatively as a way to achieve professional goals, which underestimates career performance. At the same time networking is perceived positively as a way to maintain friendship, motivation and level of satisfaction. The article confirms the connection between the subjective assessment of networking and the perception of networking as a “dirty and dishonest” way to get a job, achieve professional goals or career growth. In general, the subjective assessment of career networking causes low professional effects, while the emotional, motivational, psychological effects may be overestimated due to the positive perception of such effects by respondents. Keywords: Career growth, communicative theory, career coaching, career interaction. |
Abstract : Foreign Investment in Ukraine: Types and Forms
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Abstract: An important condition for the transition to a market economy is the intensification of the investment process. Among other factors, attracting foreign investment is crucial. For their effective use, an appropriate regulatory framework for regulating the legal basis for their implementation is required. It is necessary to determine the range and legal status of foreign investors, types and forms of foreign investment, legal means of protection of the rights of foreign investors. At the same time, the mechanism of regulation and protection of foreign investments is influenced by the legal regime of investment, which is established by the national legislation of Ukraine. The article is devoted to the classification of types of foreign investment. Money, goods and corporate rights, intellectual property, rights in them and securities rights, requirements for the exploitation of natural resources as a form of foreign investment are considered. The legal regime of the listed types of foreign investments are analyzed in detail. The evolution of legislation in the field of foreign investment regulation is investigated. Knowledge on foreign investment, is a legal regime as comprehended. The directions of improvement of the mechanism of attraction of foreign investments by established privileges in taxation of profits of foreign investors, legal support of the investment process is highlighted. Prospects of foreign direction and sphere of investment state policy of Ukraine are analyzed. Keywords: Investment process, evolution of legislation, types of foreign investors, investment legislation, legal regime of foreign investments. |
Abstract : Resilience of Arctic Communities: Socio-Economic Aspect
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Abstract: The study investigates factors that directly or indirectly affect the development of settlements in the North-East of the Russian Arctic. The study highlights the specific features of the Arctic settlements of the Northeast, as well as factors that will be considered in the development of a methodology for assessing the resilience of Arctic communities to economic shocks. The main focus is on the investigation of demographic processes in the Northeast Arctic, since it is human capital that determines the resilience of settlements to economic shocks. According to the results of the analysis, it was found that the key trend is the migration outflow, and the factors constraining it are the growth of wages, the presence of a minimum improvement of housing, in particular, heating and guarantees of social support. Therewith, such a factor as the presence of traditional trades and occupations does not contribute to a decrease in the migration outflow. This study was performed to further develop the concept of resilience and form a methodology for assessing the resilience of the economic and social system of an Arctic settlement to economic shocks. In the future, this methodology makes provision for the construction of a model with factors and indicators that determine the resilience of the socio-economic system of the Arctic settlement in the North-East of Russia (as exemplified by the Bulunsky district of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)) to economic shocks. Keywords: Migration, human capital, correlation analysis, Tiksi, Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. |
Abstract : Legal Status of Electronic Money in Ukraine
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Abstract: The lack of a unified theoretical position on the definition of electronic money, insufficient understanding of their technical, economic, and legal nature, the discrepancy in the legal regulation of the circulation of such money in different countries is conditioned by the novelty of the institution of electronic money. In turn, due to the rapid progress, the issue of electronic money is becoming increasingly relevant, attracting the attention of lawyers, economists, and society as a whole. The purpose of this study is to analyse the legal status of electronic money, its advantages and disadvantages, considering the practice of the European Union in this matter. The study used a complex of philosophical and worldview general scientific and special scientific methods. The formal-logical method was used to define the basic concepts and legal categories related to the analysis of the legal status of electronic money in Ukraine. The historical method was used to highlight the process of development and establishment of legal regulation of electronic money in Ukraine. The method of systems analysis allowed to identify and formulate the main conclusions and recommendations for increasing the efficiency of cooperation between Ukraine and the European Union in the field of legal regulation of electronic money. Furthermore, when determining the legal status of electronic money, it is important to consider the legislation of the European Union. The study also analyses the differences in the legal status of electronic money from non-cash, virtual, and digital money. Keywords: Payment system, issuer, monetary obligations, National Bank of Ukraine, payment agent. |