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Abstract: The purpose of the article is to identify the specifics of the English language Indigenization procedure on the territory of Nigeria, one of the largest countries in West Africa. The research work has the complex system to analyze the cultural and linguistic processes, which are manifested in the study under the influence of cultural factors and its influence on the language functioning. The practical work part is based on the analysis of the language thematic groups “National food” and “National clothes” presenting the specific features of Nigerian English. The results show, Nigerian English has a wide range of words denoting local realities and reflecting the adaptation of the English language to the Nigerian culture peculiarities, which are the process of indigenization. All in all, English words with new lexical meanings, words from Nigerian languages, and Portuguese loanwords have been used for naming local food and clothing elements. Keywords: Culture, communication, language variation, Nigerian English, ethnic languages, hybrid words combinations. |
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Abstract: The primary purpose of the study is to investigate the specifics of the intellectual tradition prevailing in some regions of the Late Antique world. For the purpose of a comprehensive review of the problem, the authors focus on well-known intellectuals of the 5th–6th centuries, representing Gaul (Ausonius, Sidonius, Ennodius et al.), Alexandria (John Philoponus, Hypatia, Sinesius of Cyrene et al.), Africa (Fulgentius, Priscian, Corippus), Isauria (Candidus Isaurus). Despite the fact that, under the influence of objective factors (Christianization, barbarians), the intellectual tradition changed from its ancient model to the medieval one, it fulfilled its most important task - to preserve the best from the treasury of ancient thought and adapt the ancient heritage to a changing world. In conclusion, the outcomes of the study demonstrate various examples of intellectual tradition and the fortunes of “people of written culture” (literati). Keywords: Africa, Gaul, intellectual tradition, Isauria, Late Antiquity. |
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Abstract: This study will investigate the efficiency of law, considering the relevant objective and subjective factors. The authors would like to emphasise that in no case this publication is intended to cast doubts on the universality of legal provisions, but rather, on the contrary, to emphasise it; as well as to emphasise what modern law must demonstrate nowadays, so that no such doubts arise in relation to this paper. The law itself is not effective – it is free people, who are subjects of law in their relations. A free person is an intelligent being who has the will, the gift of thinking, is capable of producing tools and can consciously use them. However, the mere biological in human does not define it as a person. Personality is described by a combination of biological content and social qualities. That is why the latter acts as a legal subject that embodies the legal existence, the principle of law, and acts as its carrier and implementer. An important issue in this context is the clear delineation of concepts such as progress, progressive change, and the usual (appropriate) standardisation, the proper performance of a certain phenomenon of its mandatory functions. In this study, the authors will try to answer the extent to which the law demonstrates its relevance in the life of the average person, civil society, the state to address certain contemporary issues. Keywords: Person, social regulators, reforms, legal provisions. |
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Abstract: The study describes the characteristics of publications on gender violence written by authors affiliated with Latin American institutions, in journals indexed to Scopus during the period 2010-2019. A descriptive and retrospective analysis of 2,568 articles is carried out. Latin American scientific production represents 5.3% of world production. Brazil is the country with the highest production, followed by Mexico and Chile. Latin American scientific production has been published in 572 journals. Ciencia e Saude Coletiva (Brazil) is the journal with the largest number of publications, followed by Cadernos de Saude Publica (Brazil) and Journal of Interpersonal Violence (United States). besides, the authors are mainly affiliated with the Universidade de Sao Paulo - USP, followed by the Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Finally, the keywords, domestic violence, intimate partner violence and gender violence present an increasing trend of studies since 2016. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen and stimulate the generation and dissemination of scientific studies by Latin American researchers. Keywords: Latin America, Scientific production, Gender violence, Domestic violence. |
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Abstract: Coercive authority is central to the law inforcement, and the discretionary use of police authority is a decision-making process, as officers evaluate the situations in which they intervene and choose a course of action from among a set of alternatives. This article investigates the analytical and synthesis aspects of a wide range of sources, considering law enforcement from a dual perspective: as legal discretion and as a kind of legal process. This research applied the classical methodology of qualitative analysis of systems and processes, in particular, a system-analytical approach to the study of research objects. In conclusion, the role of law enforcement in the modern state-legal reality and the place of mandatory features of the legal process in the law enforcement structure is presented. Based on the study, it can be stated that The role of the procedural form is primarily that following its requirements will guarantee the objectivity and efficiency of law enforcement. Keywords: Discretion, law enforcement, legal process, public power, state power. |